NASA EOS Terra ASTER: Volcanic topographic mapping and capability
NASA EOS Terra ASTER: Volcanic topographic mapping and capability
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2004.01.012
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发表时间：
2004-04
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
N. Stevens;H. Garbeil;P. Mouginis-Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Stevens;H. Garbeil;P. Mouginis-Mark
最新、准确的地形数据是火山研究和减轻风险工作的重要资源，特别是用于以详细的空间分辨率模拟火山流动过程。在这篇文章中，我们检查了目前在NASA Terra卫星上运行的高级星载热发射和反射辐射计(ASTER)仪器的实用性，该仪器提供了近红外(VNIR)立体成像，可以从中得出地形。我们编写了从ASTER Level 1A产品生成数字高程模型(DEM)的软件，该产品采用自动立体匹配技术来计算由俯视和后视传感器获取的图像之间的视差偏移量。将ASTER DEM与鲁阿佩胡火山其他来源(数字化1：50K地形图和航空干涉雷达)的DEM进行比较，发现在没有显著大气水汽的情况下，ASTER DEM的均方根误差约为10m。对地物的定性评价表明，ASTER DEM优于1：50K内插地图产品，但不如航空干涉雷达提供的细节，特别是在河道保护方面。为塔拉纳基火山生成了第二个ASTER DEM，以前该火山只有1：50K的地形图数据。虽然2000年航天飞机雷达地形任务将在很大程度上弥补以前全球缺乏塔拉纳基等火山的足够地形数据的问题，但我们预计，在活火山活动后，地形可能会发生重大变化，从而使SRTM数据不准确。由于数据集的高时间覆盖率，ASTER不仅提供了通过数字高程模型时间序列更新活火山重大(10米)地形测量的手段，而且还提供了通过近红外传感器绘制地表覆盖和局部土地利用图的同步手段。因此，我们展示了利用地理信息系统(GIS)分析进行最新火山经济风险评估的潜力。
Up-to-date, accurate topographic data are a crucial resource for volcanic research and risk mitigation efforts, in particular, for modeling volcanic flow processes at a detailed spatial resolution. In this paper, we examine the utility of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument currently operating on the NASA Terra satellite, which provides near infrared (VNIR) stereo imaging from which topography can be derived. We wrote software to generate digital elevation models (DEMs) from the ASTER level 1A product, which employs an automated stereo matching technique to calculate the parallax offsets between the images acquired by the nadir- and aft-looking sensors. Comparison of ASTER DEMs with DEMs derived from other sources (digitized 1:50 K topographic maps and aerial interferometric radar) at Ruapehu volcano reveal an RMS error of about 10 m for the ASTER DEM, in the absence of significant atmospheric water vapor. A qualitative assessment of surface features showed that the ASTER DEM is superior to the interpolated 1:50 K map product but falls short of the detail provided by aerial interferometric radar, especially in terms of stream channel preservation. A second ASTER DEM was generated for Taranaki volcano, where previously only 1:50 K topographic map data were available. Although the 2000 Space Shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) will largely remedy the previous global paucity of adequate topographic data at volcanoes, such as Taranaki, we anticipate the problem that at active volcanoes, the topography may change significantly following activity, rendering the SRTM data inaccurate. With the high temporal coverage of the dataset, ASTER not only provides a means to update significant (>10 m) topographic measurements at active volcanoes via a time-series of DEMs, but also provides a simultaneous means to map surface cover and localized land-use via the near infrared sensors. Thus we demonstrate the potential for up-to-date volcanic economic risk assessment using geographic information systems (GIS) analysis.