Functional coupling in the evolution of suction feeding and gill ventilation of sculpins (Perciformes: Cottoidei)
Functional coupling in the evolution of suction feeding and gill ventilation of sculpins (Perciformes: Cottoidei)
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/icz022
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bemis, W. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farina, S. C.;Knope, M. L.;Bemis, W. E.
硬骨鱼的吸食和鳃通风在功能上是耦合的，这意味着涉及这两个功能的结构有重叠。功能耦合是形态整合的一种类型，这个术语广义地指结构之间的任何协变、相关或协调。吸食和鳃通风展示了其他类型的形态整合，包括功能协调(结构共同工作以执行功能的趋势)和进化整合(结构在进化历史中大小或形状共同变化的趋势)。功能耦合、功能协调和进化整合在一定程度上限制了形态多样性。然而，硬骨鱼表现出非同寻常的颅骨多样性，这表明在一些硬骨鱼分支中存在促进形态多样化的机制，即使在高度整合的吸食和鳃通风系统中也是如此。为了研究这一点，我们量化了与吸食和鳃通风相关的四个机械单元在不同的底栖鱼类支系中的进化整合，主要是吸食鱼类(龟目；浮雕和近亲)。我们利用108个物种的分子数据重建了类鼻虫的系统发育，并从44个类鼻目和1个外群分类单元的Micro-CT重建中获得了4个机械单位(颌骨、舌骨、盖骨和鳃骨骨)的24个线性测量值。我们使用系统发育校正的主成分分析来检验四个机械单元之间的进化相关性和协变性，以降低每个单元的测量维度，然后关联系统发育独立的对比并从四个机械单元的第一主成分轴计算系统发育广义最小二乘模型。颌骨、盖骨和鳍骨呈进化性整合，但舌骨并未与这些单位紧密结合。为了在生态地貌学的背景下检验这些结果，我们使用了系统发育方差分析模型中公布的生态学数据来证明，在捕食难以捉摸或抓取的猎物(例如，容易逃脱或附着在底物上的猎物)的鱼类中，下颌较大，而在潮间带和耐缺氧的雕塑中，舌骨较小。在Cottoidei中，舌骨相对独立的进化可能减少了高度形态整合的吸食和鳃通风系统中的形态进化的限制。
Suction feeding and gill ventilation in teleosts are functionally coupled, meaning that there is an overlap in the structures involved with both functions. Functional coupling is one type of morphological integration, a term that broadly refers to any covariation, correlation, or coordination among structures. Suction feeding and gill ventilation exhibit other types of morphological integration, including functional coordination (a tendency of structures to work together to perform a function) and evolutionary integration (a tendency of structures to covary in size or shape across evolutionary history). Functional coupling, functional coordination, and evolutionary integration have each been proposed to limit morphological diversification to some extent. Yet teleosts show extraordinary cranial diversity, suggesting that there are mechanisms within some teleost clades that promote morphological diversification, even within the highly integrated suction feeding and gill ventilatory systems. To investigate this, we quantified evolutionary integration among four mechanical units associated with suction feeding and gill ventilation in a diverse clade of benthic, primarily suction-feeding fishes (Cottoidei; sculpins and relatives). We reconstructed cottoid phylogeny using molecular data from 108 species, and obtained 24 linear measurements of four mechanical units (jaws, hyoid, opercular bones, and branchiostegal rays) from micro-CT reconstructions of 44 cottoids and 1 outgroup taxon. We tested for evolutionary correlation and covariation among the four mechanical units using phylogenetically corrected principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality of measurements for each unit, followed by correlating phylogenetically independent contrasts and computing phylogenetic generalized least squares models from the first principle component axis of each of the four mechanical units. The jaws, opercular bones, and branchiostegal rays show evolutionary integration, but the hyoid is not positively integrated with these units. To examine these results in an ecomorphological context, we used published ecological data in phylogenetic ANOVA models to demonstrate that the jaw is larger in fishes that eat elusive or grasping prey (e.g., prey that can easily escape or cling to the substrate) and that the hyoid is smaller in intertidal and hypoxia-tolerant sculpins. Within Cottoidei, the relatively independent evolution of the hyoid likely has reduced limitations on morphological evolution within the highly morphologically integrated suction feeding and gill ventilatory systems.