Management measures to control pine wood nematode spread in Europe
Management measures to control pine wood nematode spread in Europe
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.13486
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发表时间：
2019-11
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Begoña de la Fuente;P. Beck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Begoña de la Fuente;P. Beck
入侵害虫，如松材线虫(PWN)，威胁着欧洲的森林。在De la Fuente，Saura和Beck，《应用生态学杂志》，2018，55,2374中，我们模拟了伊比利亚半岛上天牛(Monochamus Gallagcialis)对白纹伊蚊的自然传播。我们使用该模型评估了几种控制松材线虫传播的管理措施的有效性：及早发现并移除受感染的树木、大量诱捕甲虫和砍伐林带。我们模拟了这些特别的措施，因为它们已经或正在应用于伊比利亚半岛的PWN控制工作。Martínez-Abraín和Jiménez，2019年《应用生态学杂志》提出了另外两种适当的管理措施来阻止PWN的扩展：为食虫鸟类安装巢箱以增加对介体甲虫的捕食，以及增加大型哺乳动物草食动物的数量以降低森林树木密度。De la Fuente，Saura和Beck，应用生态学杂志，2018，55,2374的结果表明，组合措施比单独使用任何一种措施更有可能控制PWN的传播，这表明阻止这种和许多其他入侵物种的传播在这里，我们回顾了Martínez-Abraín和Jiménez提出的作为PWN管理工具的措施的有效性的当前证据，《应用生态学杂志》，2019年。这一证据表明，这些措施本身不太可能显著减缓，更不用说阻止PWN在伊比利亚半岛的蔓延。此外，我们还指出了De la Fuente，Saura和Beck，《应用生态学杂志》，2018，55,2374中提出的模型如何在未来的研究、综合和应用中对其进行定量评估。生态系统中失去的生物相互作用会使它们更容易受到入侵，而恢复相互作用又可以增强韧性。因此，从理论上讲，生态系统恢复也有利于入侵物种的管理。然而，目前的证据表明，如果要阻止或显著减缓白纹伊蚊在欧洲的扩张，就需要结合其他措施来管理自然物种的相互作用，如甲虫对食虫鸟类的捕食或大型哺乳动物的草食。
Invasive pests, such as the pine wood nematode (PWN), threaten European forests. In De la Fuente, Saura, and Beck,Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018,55, 2374, we modelled the natural spread of the PWN by the longhorn beetle (Monochamus galloprovincialis) on the Iberian Peninsula. We used the model to evaluate the effectiveness of several management measures to control the PWN spread: early detection and removal of infected trees, beetle mass trapping and clear‐cut belts. We simulated these particular measures because they have been or are being applied in PWN containment efforts on the Iberian Peninsula.Martínez‐Abraín and Jiménez,Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, suggested that two other management measures would be appropriate to halt the PWN expansion: installing nest boxes for insectivorous birds in order to increase predation on vector beetles and increasing the populations of large mammalian herbivores to lower forest tree density.The results of De la Fuente, Saura, and Beck,Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018,55, 2374 showed that a combination of measures is more likely to control PWN spread than any single one in isolation, indicating that halting this, and many other invasive species, requires a comprehensive approach.Here, we review current evidence on the efficacy of the measures proposed by Martínez‐Abraín and Jiménez,Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, as PWN management tools. This evidence suggests that, by themselves, these measures are unlikely to significantly slow down, let alone halt, the PWN spread on the Iberian Peninsula. Furthermore, we indicate how the model presented in De la Fuente, Saura, and Beck,Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018,55, 2374 lends itself to assessing this quantitatively in future research.Synthesis and applications. Lost biotic interactions in ecosystems can make them more vulnerable to invasions, and restoring interactions can in turn increase resilience. Ecosystem restoration can thus, in theory, also benefit invasive species management. Current evidence indicates however that managing natural species interactions, such as beetle predation from insectivorous birds or herbivory by large mammals, would need to be applied in combination with other measures if they are to halt or significantly slow down the expansion of the PWN in Europe.