Yield, biomass and yield components in dwarf, semi-dwarf and tall isogenic lines of spring wheat under recommended and late sowing dates
Yield, biomass and yield components in dwarf, semi-dwarf and tall isogenic lines of spring wheat under recommended and late sowing dates
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00818.x
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发表时间：
1995-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Slafer, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miralles, DJ;Slafer, GA
对春小麦标准株高(SH)、半矮秆(SD)和矮秆(DD)等基因系进行了两个生长季节的田间研究，分析了推荐播期和延期播种的产量及其某些生理决定因素。目的是验证Rht1和RHT2等位基因在提高籽粒产量中的作用是否依赖于播期。正如预期的那样，矮秆基因在播种和生长季节都显著降低了株高。SD品系的生物量有高于SH和DD品系的趋势，但差异大多不显著。收获指数与株高呈线性负相关。因此，SD和SH品系在所有环境中表现出最高和最低的产量。产量的最适高度为70 cm左右，不受播期的影响。携带Rht1和/或RHT2等位基因的品系总是比SH品系表现出更多的粒数/m(2)(这是由于每穗粒数和穗数/m(2)的增加)。相反，平均粒重与粒数/m(2)呈负相关。由于这种负相关的斜率小于代表完全补偿的斜率，因此产量与粒数/m(2)之间的关系为双曲线。虽然这些关系通常被认为是由于半矮秆基因的使用而增加了粒数/m(2)时谷物之间竞争加剧的反映，但我们对两种替代假设进行了深入的分析。
Grain yield and some of its physiological determinants were analysed in a field study conducted over two growing seasons with standard-height (SH), semi-dwarf(SD) and dwarf (DD) isogenic lines of a spring wheat sown at recommended and delayed dates. The objective was to test whether the action of Rht1 and Rht2 alleles in improving grain yield depended upon sowing date.As expected, the dwarfing genes significantly reduced plant height in both sowings and growing seasons. There was a tendency for the SD line to produce more biomass than the SH and DD lines, although the differences were mostly not significant. Harvest index was linearly and negatively related to plant height. Consequently, the SD and SH line showed the highest and lowest grain yields in all environments. The optimum height for grain yield was estimated to be c. 70 cm, and this value was not affected by sowing date. Lines carrying Rht1 and/or Rht2 alleles always showed more grains/m(2) (owing to an increased number of grains per spike and spikes/m(2)) than the SH line. Conversely, average grain weight was negatively associated with the number of grains/m(2). Because the slope of this negative relationship was smaller(less negative) than that representing complete compensation, the relationship between grain yield and number of grains/m(2) was hyperbolic. Although these relationships are frequently regarded as a reflection of increased competition among grains when the number of grains/m(2) is increased owing to the use of semi-dwarf genes, two alternative hypotheses are analysed acid discussed.