Recent progress of molecular cytogenetic study on scleractinian (stony) corals
Recent progress of molecular cytogenetic study on scleractinian (stony) corals
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石珊瑚分子细胞遗传学研究新进展
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kubota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Taguchi;Erika Tagami;T. Mezaki;S. Sekida;Yalan Chou;K. Soong;K. Okuda;A. Tominaga;Satoshi;Kubota
在过去的30年里（2012年之前），石珊瑚的染色体研究仅限于计算染色体数目和测量其长度，以描绘染色体类型，以建立其核型，因为通过传统的挤压方法制备的染色体不适合分子细胞遗传学技术。为了推进石珊瑚的染色体分析，有必要利用分子细胞遗传学技术，如DNA探针荧光原位杂交（FISH）。我们设计了一种新的改进的珊瑚胚胎染色体制备方法，并应用该方法在石珊瑚的分子细胞遗传学研究中取得了重要进展。FISH技术为石珊瑚精确核型的建立、基因定位、FISH标记的分离和性染色体的确定提供了可能。分子细胞遗传学对于连接和理解石珊瑚分类中形态学和分子（DNA序列）分析之间的差距是有用的。因此，更好地了解染色体特征可能有助于整合石珊瑚的形态和分子序列的数据的系统学。本文综述了我们在石珊瑚分子细胞遗传学方面的研究进展，介绍了我们利用FISH技术在一些石珊瑚上的新发现，并概述了以前的细胞遗传学报告。这里提供的信息应该是有用的石珊瑚染色体进化，分类，遗传学和基因组计划正在进行的研究。
Chromosome study of scleractinian (stony) corals had been restricted to only counting chromosome numbers and measuring their lengths to delineate the chromosome types to establish their karyotypes for the past thirty years (before 2012), because chromosome preparations, which were made by the conventional squash-method, had not been suitable for molecular cytogenetic techniques. To advance the chromosome analysis of stony corals, it was necessary to utilize a molecular cytogenetic technique, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes. We devised a newly improved method for suitable chromosome preparations made from coral embryos for FISH and made significant progress in molecular cytogenetic study of stony corals by FISH using our methods for making chromosome preparations. FISH made it feasible to carry out the establishment of their precise karyotypes, the gene mapping, FISH marker isolation and ascertainment of sex chromosome in stony corals. Molecular cytogenetics is useful for connecting and understanding the gap in classification between morphological and molecular (DNA sequences) analyses in the scleractinia. Therefore, better understanding of chromosome features may help to integrate the systematics of the data from both morphology and molecular sequences of stony corals. This review offers an overview of our research on molecular cytogenetics of stony corals; we are presenting our new findings on some stony corals using FISH, and overviewing former cytogenetic reports. The information provided here should be useful for the ongoing study of stony coral chromosome evolution, classification, genetics, and genome projects.