Effect of Night Smoking, Sleep Disturbance, and Their Co-Occurrence on Smoking Outcomes
Effect of Night Smoking, Sleep Disturbance, and Their Co-Occurrence on Smoking Outcomes
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DOI：
10.1037/a0023128
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
O'Malley, Stephanie S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peters, Erica N.;Fucito, Lisa M.;O'Malley, Stephanie S.
最近的证据表明，夜间吸烟是尼古丁依赖的一个指标，并预测戒烟失败。夜间吸烟者在醒来吸烟时可能会经历睡眠周期紊乱，但我们并不知道夜间吸烟者自我报告的睡眠紊乱的普遍性。由于睡眠障碍也预测戒烟失败，我们在一项为期6周的双盲随机对照试验中检查了夜间吸烟和睡眠障碍的戒烟前风险因素及其共同发生如何预测戒烟失败，该试验检查了纳洛酮是否增强尼古丁贴片的功效（O 'Malley et al.，2006年）。吸烟者（N = 385）完成了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（Buysse，Reynolds，Monk，Berman，& Kupfer，1989）和一项在戒烟前夜间醒来的单项测试。在戒烟后第1、6、24和48周测定吸烟状况。两项主要调查结果是：（a）夜间吸烟者报告的睡眠障碍明显大于非夜间吸烟者;（B）夜间吸烟和睡眠障碍并存的吸烟者比没有任何危险因素的吸烟者经历了更大的吸烟风险。结果表明，那些在夜间醒来吸烟并报告临床显著睡眠障碍的人代表了吸烟者的高风险群体。未来的戒烟治疗可能会纳入与管理这些吸烟者的睡眠习惯和对尼古丁的生理依赖相关的策略，以加强他们的戒烟效果。
Recent evidence suggests that smoking during the night is an indicator of nicotine dependence and predicts smoking cessation failure. Night smokers are likely to experience disturbance to their sleep cycle when they wake to smoke, but we are not aware of the prevalence of night smokers' self-reported sleep disturbance. Because sleep disturbance also predicts smoking cessation failure, we examined how the pre-cessation risk factors of night smoking and sleep disturbance, and their co-occurrence, predict smoking cessation failure in a 6-week double-blind randomized controlled trial examining whether naltrexone augments the efficacy of the nicotine patch (O'Malley et al., 2006). Smokers (N = 385) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse, Reynolds, Monk, Berman, & Kupfer, 1989) and a single item of waking at night to smoke pre-cessation. Smoking status was determined at weeks 1, 6, 24, and 48 weeks after quitting. The two main findings were: (a) night smokers reported significantly greater sleep disturbance than nonnight smokers; and (b) smokers with co-occurring night smoking and sleep disturbance experienced significantly greater risk for smoking than smokers with neither risk factor. Results suggest that individuals who both wake during the night to smoke and report clinically-significant sleep disturbance represent a high-risk group of smokers. Future smoking cessation treatment might incorporate strategies related to managing these smokers' sleep habits and physiological dependence on nicotine in order to bolster their cessation outcomes.