Sustainability and Fairness Simulations Based on Decision-Making Model of Utility Function and Norm Function
Sustainability and Fairness Simulations Based on Decision-Making Model of Utility Function and Norm Function
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基于效用函数和范数函数决策模型的可持续性和公平性模拟
DOI：
10.11114/aef.v7i3.4825
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Deguchi Yasuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kato Takeshi;Kudo Yasuyuki;Miyakoshi Junichi;Otsuka Jun;Saigo Hayato;Karasawa Kaori;Yamaguchi Hiroyuki;Hiroi Yoshinori;Deguchi Yasuo
我们引入了一个基于价值函数的决策模型，该模型包括个人主义效用函数和社会建构主义规范函数，并提出了一个规范培育过程，该过程通过自我和他人之间的相互认可递归地更新规范函数。作为一个例子，我们研究了经济活动中的资源共享问题，并假设个人行动的分布，以定义（1）通过基于公平理论的价值/行动比率的相互比较而形成的规范函数（类似累进税），（2）与资源利用率成比例的范数函数（比例税类）和（3）独立于资源利用的固定范数函数（固定税类）。通过数值模拟，我们发现累进税式的规范函数（i）与其他规范函数不同，不会增加行动分配的差距，（ii）具有高资源生产率和低基尼系数。因此，累进税式的规范函数具有最高的可持续性和公平性。
We introduced a decision-making model based on value functions that included individualistic utility function and socio-constructivistic norm function and proposed a norm-fostering process that recursively updates norm function through mutual recognition between the self and others. As an example, we looked at the resource-sharing problem typical of economic activities and assumed the distribution of individual actions to define the (1) norm function fostered through mutual comparison of value/action ratio based on the equity theory (progressive tax-like), (2) norm function proportional to resource utilization (proportional tax-like) and (3) fixed norm function independent of resource utilization (fixed tax-like). By carrying out numerical simulation, we showed that the progressive tax-like norm function (i) does not increase disparity for the distribution of the actions, unlike the other norm functions, and (ii) has high resource productivity and low Gini coefficient. Therefore the progressive tax-like norm function has the highest sustainability and fairness.