Cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury - bone marrow stromal cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells.
Cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury - bone marrow stromal cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells.
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DOI：
10.4103/1673-5374.191198
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Kanekiyo K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ide C;Nakano N;Kanekiyo K
骨髓基质干细胞（BMSCs）移植促进脊髓损伤（SCI）大鼠再生轴突的生长，促进运动功能的改善。骨髓间充质干细胞不能长期存活，在移植后2-3周内从脊髓中消失。星形胶质细胞缺乏的地区，其中没有发现星形胶质细胞或少突胶质细胞，形成在病变的震中。值得注意的是，许多再生的轴突延伸穿过这些没有星形胶质细胞的区域。再生轴突与嵌入细胞外基质中的雪旺细胞相关。脉络丛上皮细胞（CPECs）的移植也增强了脊髓损伤大鼠的轴突再生和运动改善。虽然CPECs在移植后不久就从脊髓中消失了，但再生轴突的广泛生长发生在缺乏星形胶质细胞的区域，就像BMSC移植的情况一样。这些发现表明，骨髓间充质干细胞和CPECs分泌促进脊髓组织修复的神经营养因子，包括轴突再生和减少空洞形成。这意味着骨髓间充质干细胞和CPEC的移植促进了脊髓再生的“内在”能力。刺激脊髓内在再生能力的治疗是临床应用于SCI最安全的方法。应该强调的是，从临床安全性的角度来看，通常预期的移植细胞的长期存活、增殖和分化不一定是期望的。
Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) enhanced the outgrowth of regenerating axons and promoted locomotor improvements of rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). BMSCs did not survive long-term, disappearing from the spinal cord within 2–3 weeks after transplantation. Astrocyte-devoid areas, in which no astrocytes or oligodendrocytes were found, formed at the epicenter of the lesion. It was remarkable that numerous regenerating axons extended through such astrocyte-devoid areas. Regenerating axons were associated with Schwann cells embedded in extracellular matrices. Transplantation of choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) also enhanced axonal regeneration and locomotor improvements in rats with SCI. Although CPECs disappeared from the spinal cord shortly after transplantation, an extensive outgrowth of regenerating axons occurred through astrocyte-devoid areas, as in the case of BMSC transplantation. These findings suggest that BMSCs and CPECs secret neurotrophic factors that promote tissue repair of the spinal cord, including axonal regeneration and reduced cavity formation. This means that transplantation of BMSCs and CPECs promotes “intrinsic” ability of the spinal cord to regenerate. The treatment to stimulate the intrinsic regeneration ability of the spinal cord is the safest method of clinical application for SCI. It should be emphasized that the generally anticipated long-term survival, proliferation and differentiation of transplanted cells are not necessarily desirable from the clinical point of view of safety.