Determination of the infectious nature of the agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome affecting penaeid shrimp
Determination of the infectious nature of the agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome affecting penaeid shrimp
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DOI：
10.3354/dao02621
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发表时间：
2013-07-09
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Lightner, Donald V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loc Tran;Nunan, Linda;Lightner, Donald V.
2009年首次报道了虾类中一种新出现的疾病，最初被命名为早死综合征（EMS）。2011年，对该疾病的急性期提出了一个更具描述性的名称，即急性肝胰腺坏死综合征（AHPNS）。该疾病影响太平洋凡纳滨对虾（Penaeus vanamei）和黑虎对虾（black tiger shrimp P. monodon），在东南亚对虾养殖场造成了重大损失。AHPNS首先被归类为特发性，因为没有确定特定的病原体。然而，在2013年初，亚利桑那大学水产养殖病理学实验室能够在纯培养中分离出AHPNS的病原体。采用浸没攻击试验进行感染性研究，实验对虾暴露于病原菌后100%死亡，呈典型的AHPNS病理。随后的组织学分析表明，AHPNS病变是在实验室实验诱导的，与从流行地区收集的感染AHPNS的虾样本中发现的病变相同。从实验感染的虾中分离出的细菌使在田间样品中发现的相同菌落类型得以恢复。利用AHPNS阳性对虾回收的分离物进行了3次单独的浸泡试验，在实验对虾中再现了相同的AHPNS病理，结果一致。因此，AHPNS具有细菌病原学，并且该分离物的实验室挑战研究已经满足了Koch的假设，该分离物已被确定为哈维弧菌分支的成员，与副溶血性弧菌最密切相关。
A new emerging disease in shrimp, first reported in 2009, was initially named early mortality syndrome (EMS). In 2011, a more descriptive name for the acute phase of the disease was proposed as acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome (AHPNS). Affecting both Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei and black tiger shrimp P. monodon, the disease has caused significant losses in Southeast Asian shrimp farms. AHPNS was first classified as idiopathic because no specific causative agent had been identified. However, in early 2013, the Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory at the University of Arizona was able to isolate the causative agent of AHPNS in pure culture. Immersion challenge tests were employed for infectivity studies, which induced 100% mortality with typical AHPNS pathology to experimental shrimp exposed to the pathogenic agent. Subsequent histological analyses showed that AHPNS lesions were experimentally induced in the laboratory and were identical to those found in AHPNS-infected shrimp samples collected from the endemic areas. Bacterial isolation from the experimentally infected shrimp enabled recovery of the same bacterial colony type found in field samples. In 3 separate immersion tests, using the recovered isolate from the AHPNS-positive shrimp, the same AHPNS pathology was reproduced in experimental shrimp with consistent results. Hence, AHPNS has a bacterial etiology and Koch's Postulates have been satisfied in laboratory challenge studies with the isolate, which has been identified as a member of the Vibrio harveyi clade, most closely related to V. parahemolyticus.