Models on the move: Migration and imperialism
Models on the move: Migration and imperialism
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DOI：
10.1016/j.shpsa.2017.11.008
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Thebault, Karim P. Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradley, Seamus;Thebault, Karim P. Y.
我们引入了“模型迁移”作为一种跨学科的知识转移，通过这种方式，模型的表征功能发生了根本性的改变，以允许应用于新的学科背景。我们将在经济物理学和地理地理语言学的背景下对这一现象引发的争议和困惑进行说明。移民可以与“帝国主义”的概念进行有益的对比，后者在地理经济学的背景下得到了广泛的讨论。特别是，帝国主义与移民不同，它依赖于通过扩展它被认为是充分描述的现象的领域来扩展原始模型。因此，帝国主义的成功需要将对最初理想化假设的正当制裁扩大到新的纪律背景。相比之下，成功的移民需要对原始模式进行激进的代表性重新解释，而不是对其进行扩展。因此，迁移需要对新的“对应理想化”进行“重新制裁”，以允许应用于完全不同类别的现象。虽然合法的科学帝国主义应该建立在追求某种形式的本体论统一的基础上，但不需要这样的要求来使模式迁移的实践合法化。因此，移民和帝国主义之间的区别将被证明具有重大的规范和描述价值。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
We introduce 'model migration' as a species of cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer whereby the representational function of a model is radically changed to allow application to a new disciplinary context. Controversies and confusions that often derive from this phenomenon will be illustrated in the context of econophysics and phylogeographic linguistics. Migration can be usefully contrasted with the concept of 'imperialism', which has been influentially discussed in the context of geographical economics. In particular, imperialism, unlike migration, relies upon extension of the original model via an expansion of the domain of phenomena it is taken to adequately describe. The success of imperialism thus requires expansion of the justificatory sanctioning of the original idealising assumptions to a new disciplinary context. Contrastingly, successful migration involves the radical representational reinterpretation of the original model, rather than its extension. Migration thus requires 're-sanctioning' of new 'counterpart idealisations' to allow application to an entirely different class of phenomena. Whereas legitimate scientific imperialism should be based on the pursuit of some form of ontological unification, no such requirement is needed to legitimate the practice of model migration. The distinction between migration and imperialism will thus be shown to have significant normative as well as descriptive value. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.