Increased Stress Among Women Following an Economic Collapse-A Prospective Cohort Study
Increased Stress Among Women Following an Economic Collapse-A Prospective Cohort Study
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kws347
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Valdimarsdottir, Unnur A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hauksdottir, Arna;McClure, Christopher;Valdimarsdottir, Unnur A.
关于全球经济衰退对心理健康影响的数据很少。在这项研究中，我们调查了由于 2008 年发生的重大国民经济崩溃，冰岛人口自我报告的心理压力水平的潜在变化。我们使用了 3,755 名全国人群，他们对 2007 年和 2009 年进行的一项调查做出了回应，包括人口统计问题和压力测量（4 项感知压力量表）。我们使用重复测量方差分析和逻辑回归模型来评估 2009 年与 2007 年相比平均压力水平的变化和高压力水平（>90%）的风险。年龄调整的平均压力水平在 2007 年至 2009 年间有所增加（P = 0.004），但这种增加仅在女性中观察到（P = 0.003），而在男性中没有观察到（P = 0.34）。同样，经历高压力水平的比值比仅在女性中增加（比值比（OR）= 1.37），特别是在失业（OR = 3.38）、学生（OR = 2.01）、中等教育水平（OR = 1.65）或中等收入阶层（OR = 1.59）的女性中。研究结果表明，冰岛经济崩溃后，心理压力可能有所增加，特别是经济弱势群体的女性。
There is a scarcity of data on mental health effects of the global economic recession. In this study, we investigated potential change in self-reported levels of psychological stress in the Icelandic population as a result of the major national economic collapse that occurred in 2008. We used a national cohort of 3,755 persons who responded to a survey administered in 2007 and 2009, including demographic questions and a stress measure (the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale). We used repeated-measures analysis of variance and logistic regression models to assess change in mean stress levels and risk of high stress levels (>90th percentile) in 2009 as compared with 2007. Age-adjusted mean stress levels increased between 2007 and 2009 (P = 0.004), though the increase was observed only for women (P = 0.003), not for men (P = 0.34). Similarly, the odds ratios for experiencing high stress levels were increased only among women (odds ratio (OR) = 1.37), especially among women who were unemployed (OR = 3.38), students (OR = 2.01), had middle levels of education (OR = 1.65), or were in the middle income bracket (OR = 1.59). The findings indicate that psychological stress may have increased following the economic collapse in Iceland, particularly among females in economically vulnerable groups.