Use of remote sensing in control of good agricultural and environmental conditions on agricultural farms
Use of remote sensing in control of good agricultural and environmental conditions on agricultural farms
复制标题
利用遥感控制农场良好的农业和环境条件
DOI：
10.12775/ecoq-2013-0018
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
J. Chmiel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joanna Pluto;K. Osińska;A. Fijałkowska;J. Chmiel
在欧盟共同农业政策的框架下，申请农业补贴的农民将获得农业生产补贴。接受付款的生产者必须满足基本要求，使所有农田保持在符合环境保护的良好农业条件下。自2009年以来，提出申请的农民必须遵守波兰通过的标准，即所谓的交叉遵守要求。成员国应在国家一级确定良好农业和环境条件（GAEC）。在农业结构调整和现代化机构（阿尔马）进行的年度检查活动中，有选择地对遵守这些标准的情况进行控制，以保持良好的农业做法。控制方法之一是遥感控制，这种方法涉及在卫星或航空图像中确定受补贴地区的边界。然而，使用遥感的经验表明，经过处理的卫星或航空正射影像图不仅有可能用于作物划定，而且也有可能用于核实农业做法的某些要素。在CwRS例行程序中，可以直接在图像上指示可能的不合规问题，从而优化控制过程。这些研究表明，可利用CwRS监测哪些保持土地处于良好农业条件的要求。试验结果表明，航空正射影像和卫星正射影像可以作为等效的影像资料。在图像中比在现场检查期间更容易检测到分布在大区域上或逐点发生的特征或现象。此外，由于地形复杂性、道路网络等原因，地面上的访问或能见度受到限制，正射影像地图提供更佳视角。然而，在国家一级管理整个控制的效益/成本比应对照现场控制的效率进行检查。
In the frame of EU common agricultural policy, applicant farmers shall receive subsidies for agricultural production. A producer receiving payments is required to meet the basic requirements for the maintenance of all farmland in good agricultural conditions consistence with environmental protection. Since 2009, applicant farmer is obliged to comply with standards adopted by Poland in the so-called cross-compliance requirements. Member States shall determine at the national level for Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC). Compliance with these standards, to maintain good agricultural practice is controlled selectively in the annual inspection campaigns conducted by the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture (ARMA). One of control method is Control with Remote Sensing (CwRS), method that involves the determination in satellite or aerial images boundaries of areas subject to subsidies. Experience in the use of remote sensing, however, indicate the potential for the use of processed satellite or air orthophotomaps not only for cropping delineation but also to verify certain elements of agricultural practices. During the CwRS routine, one could indicate a possible non-compliance issues directly on the image and thereby optimize the process of control. The studies indicated which of the requirements to maintain land in good agricultural conditions might be monitored with CwRS. The results of the series of experiments showed that both kind of aerial and satellite orthophoto can be consider as equivalent materials. Features or phenomenon spread over a large area or occurred point-wise are detectable in image easier than during field inspection. Also wherever access or visibility on the ground is limited due to the morphology complexity, road network, etc., orthophotomap provide better angle of view. Nevertheless, the ratio benefit/cost for managing the entire control on national level should be checked against the efficiency of field control.