Stroke prevention: managing modifiable risk factors.
Stroke prevention: managing modifiable risk factors.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/391538
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Sallustio F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Legge S;Koch G;Diomedi M;Stanzione P;Sallustio F
预防在抵消缺血性卒中相关的发病率和死亡率方面起着至关重要的作用。据估计，50%的中风是可以通过控制可改变的风险因素和改变生活方式来预防的。抗高血压治疗被推荐用于预防复发性卒中和其他血管事件。抗血小板药物和他汀类药物的使用已被证明可以降低复发性中风和其他血管事件的风险。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEI）和血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂（ARB）适用于预防中风，因为它们也促进血管健康。有效的二级预防策略包括针对高度颈动脉狭窄的颈动脉血运重建和针对房颤的维生素K拮抗剂治疗。最近研究新抗凝剂（Xa因子抑制剂和直接凝血酶抑制剂）的临床试验结果清楚地表明了房颤患者预防卒中的替代策略。本文介绍了目前的景观和发展，特别是在缺血性卒中的二级预防药物治疗的脑卒中预防。
Prevention plays a crucial role in counteracting morbidity and mortality related to ischemic stroke. It has been estimated that 50% of stroke are preventable through control of modifiable risk factors and lifestyle changes. Antihypertensive treatment is recommended for both prevention of recurrent stroke and other vascular events. The use of antiplatelets and statins has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke and other vascular events. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are indicated in stroke prevention because they also promote vascular health. Effective secondary-prevention strategies for selected patients include carotid revascularization for high-grade carotid stenosis and vitamin K antagonist treatment for atrial fibrillation. The results of recent clinical trials investigating new anticoagulants (factor Xa inhibitors and direct thrombin inhibitors) clearly indicate alternative strategies in stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation. This paper describes the current landscape and developments in stroke prevention with special reference to medical treatment in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.