Allergy to house dust mites and asthma.
Allergy to house dust mites and asthma.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2004-03
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Evelyn I. Milian;A. Díaz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Evelyn I. Milian;A. Díaz
屋尘螨已被证明是与哮喘和其他过敏性疾病相关的室内过敏原的重要来源。哮喘是一种慢性呼吸道疾病，影响着全世界数百万人，大量科学研究表明哮喘的患病率正在增加。世界上最常见的尘螨种类包括屋尘螨 (Dp)、粉尘螨 (Df)、马氏尘螨 (Em) 和热带尘螨 (Bt)。在过去的三十年中，这些物种的许多重要过敏原已在分子水平上得到鉴定和表征。几种屋尘螨过敏原的生物学功能已被阐明，其中许多显示出酶活性。然而，Bt 过敏原仍然是研究最少的，尽管这种螨虫在世界热带和亚热带地区（包括波多黎各）非常常见。因此，将 Bt 纳入屋尘螨引起的过敏和哮喘的诊断和治疗策略中非常重要，特别是在 Bt 暴露和致敏性较高的地区。重组DNA技术以及其他分子生物学和免疫学技术在更好地了解屋尘螨的生物学及其在过敏性疾病中的作用方面发挥了基础性作用。此类研究还有助于理解过敏反应中涉及的复杂免疫机制。有效诊断和治疗方法的开发取决于屋尘螨过敏原研究的连续性。本综述的目的是描述屋尘螨过敏最重要的方面，并使科学界了解有关屋尘螨过敏原（特别是源自 Bt 的过敏原）的最新发现。
House dust mites have been shown to be important sources of indoor allergens associated with asthma and other allergic conditions. Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects millions of people worldwide, and numerous scientific studies have shown that the prevalence of asthma is increasing. The most common dust mite species around the world include Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), Euroglyphus maynei (Em) and Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Over the past three decades, many important allergens from these species have been identified and characterized at the molecular level. The biological function of several house dust mite allergens has been elucidated, with many of them showing enzymatic activity. However, Bt allergens remain the least studied, even though this mite is very common in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Puerto Rico. Therefore, it is very important to include Bt in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for house dust mite induced allergy and asthma, particularly in areas where Bt exposure and sensitization is high. Recombinant DNA technology, as well as other molecular biology and immunological techniques, have played a fundamental role in advances towards a better understanding of the biology of house dust mites and their role in allergic diseases. This kind of study also contributes to the understanding of the complex immunologic mechanisms involved in allergic reactions. The development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches depends on the continuity of research of house dust mite allergens. The objectives of this review are to describe the most important aspects of house dust mite allergy and to acquaint the scientific community with the latest findings pertaining to house dust mite allergens, particularly those derived from Bt.