Changes in blood pressure and body weight following smoking cessation in women
Changes in blood pressure and body weight following smoking cessation in women
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01293.x
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Engström, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janzon, E;Hedblad, B;Engström, G
Objective.很少有人研究吸烟和戒烟对体重增加和血压升高的长期影响，并与大多数成年人经历的与年龄相关的增加进行比较。本研究比较了女性从不吸烟者、持续吸烟者和戒烟者的体重和血压的变化。在基线时评估体重、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）以及吸烟习惯，并在平均随访9.0 ± 5.8年后重新评估。基于人群的队列。共有2381名女性从不吸烟，1550名女性吸烟。复查时，388名吸烟者已戒烟。戒烟者、持续吸烟者和从不吸烟者的平均体重增加分别为7.6 ± 6.1、3.2 ± 5.8和3.7 ± 5.2 kg（P < 0.001）。在未接受血压治疗的女性中，这些组的平均SBP增加分别为20.9 +/- 16.8、19.1 +/- 15.8和16.1 +/- 16.3 mmHg（P < 0.001）。平均DBP升高分别为6.2 ± 8.7、5.7 ± 9.3和3.1 ± 8.0 mmHg（P < 0.001）。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，戒烟者的体重增加仍然非常显著。调整后，SBP和DBP升高的差异有所减弱，但仍具有显著性。戒烟者高血压（≥ 160/95 mmHg或治疗）的发生率显著高于持续吸烟者（OR：1.3; CI：1.07-1.6）和从不吸烟者（参考）[校正比值比（OR）：1.8; CI：1.4-2.5]。经过长期随访，戒烟者的体重增加比持续吸烟者或从不吸烟者高出约3-4公斤。虽然血压升高的差异是中等的，但戒烟与高血压的发病率增加有关。
Objective. Few have studied the long-term effects of smoking and smoking cessation on weight gain and blood pressure increase and compared with the age-related increases experienced by most adults. This study compared the development of weight and blood pressure in female never smokers, continuing smokers and smokers who quit smoking.Design. Weight, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and smoking habits were assessed at baseline and re-assessed after a mean follow-up of 9.0 +/- 5.8 years.Setting. Population-based cohort.Subjects. A total of 2381 female never smokers and 1550 female smokers. At the re-examination, 388 of the smokers had quit smoking.Results. Mean weight gain was 7.6 +/- 6.1, 3.2 +/- 5.8 and 3.7 +/- 5.2 kg, respectively, in quitters, continuing smokers and never smokers (P < 0.001). In women without blood pressure treatment, mean SBP increase was 20.9 +/- 16.8, 19.1 +/- 15.8 and 16.1 +/- 16.3 mmHg, respectively, in these groups (P < 0.001). Mean DBP increase was 6.2 +/- 8.7, 5.7 +/- 9.3 and 3.1 +/- 8.0 mmHg, respectively (P < 0.001). After adjustments for potential confounders, the increased weight gain in quitters remained highly significant. The differences in SBP and DBP increase were attenuated after adjustments, but remained significant. Incidence of hypertension (greater than or equal to 160/95 mmHg or treatment) was significantly higher in quitters [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.8; CI: 1.4-2.5] when compared with continuing smokers (OR: 1.3; CI: 1.07-1.6) and never smokers (reference).Conclusion. Over a long follow-up, weight gain was approximately 3-4 kg higher in quitters when compared with continuing smokers or never smokers. Although the differences in blood pressure increase were moderate, smoking cessation was associated with an increased incidence of hypertension.