Electron screening in d(d, p)t for deuterated metals : temperature effects
Electron screening in d(d, p)t for deuterated metals : temperature effects
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DOI：
10.1088/0954-3899/31/11/002
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发表时间：
2005-11
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通讯作者：
F. Raiola;B. Burchard;Z. Fülöp;G. Gyürky;S. Zeng;J. Cruz;A. Leva;B. Limata;M. Fonseca;H. Luís;M. Aliotta;H. Becker;C. Broggini;A. D'Onofrio;L. Gialanella;G. Imbriani;A. Jesus;M. Junker;J. P. Ribeiro;V. Roca;C. Rolfs;M. Romano;E. Somorjai;F. Strieder;F. Terrasi
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文献类型：
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作者：
F. Raiola;B. Burchard;Z. Fülöp;G. Gyürky;S. Zeng;J. Cruz;A. Leva;B. Limata;M. Fonseca;H. Luís;M. Aliotta;H. Becker;C. Broggini;A. D'Onofrio;L. Gialanella;G. Imbriani;A. Jesus;M. Junker;J. P. Ribeiro;V. Roca;C. Rolfs;M. Romano;E. Somorjai;F. Strieder;F. Terrasi
本文研究了样品温度T=20°C-340°C时的d(d，p)t反应中的电子屏蔽，以及T=20°C和200°C时的Co的电子屏蔽。增强电子屏蔽随温度升高而减小，这与准自由金属电子的等离子体德拜模型相一致。这些数据代表了第一次观察到原子核截面与温度的关系。在T=−10°C-2 0 0°C时，我们还测量了氚金属钛(元素周期表中第4族元素)的屏蔽效应：在5 0°C以上，氢的溶解度下降到远低于1的值，出现了很大的屏蔽效应。同样，所有第3和第4族金属以及稀土元素在T=200°C(与T=20°C相比)时的溶解度只有几个百分点，而且还可以观察到大量的屏蔽。在德拜模型中，对于所研究的所有金属，推导出的每个金属原子的价电子数与由霍尔系数得出的相应数一致。
The electron screening in the d(d, p)t reaction has been studied for the deuterated metal Pt at a sample temperature T = 20 °C–340 °C and for Co at T = 20 °C and 200 °C. The enhanced electron screening decreases with increasing temperature, where the data agree with the plasma model of Debye applied to the quasi-free metallic electrons. The data represent the first observation of a temperature dependence of a nuclear cross section. We also measured the screening effect for the deuterated metal Ti (an element of group 4 of the periodic table) at T = −10 °C–200 °C: above 50 °C, the hydrogen solubility dropped to values far below 1 and a large screening effect became observable. Similarly, all metals of groups 3 and 4 and the lanthanides showed a solubility of a few per cent at T = 200 °C (compared to T = 20 °C) and a large screening also became observable. Within the Debye model, the deduced number of valence electrons per metallic atom agrees with the corresponding number from the Hall coefficient, for all metals investigated.