The HIV epidemic associated with injecting drug use in Europe: Geographic and time trends
The HIV epidemic associated with injecting drug use in Europe: Geographic and time trends
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DOI：
10.1097/00002030-199711000-00011
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Brunet, JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamers, FF;Batter, V;Brunet, JB
目的：为了评估的规模和趋势的艾滋病毒流行与注射毒品useinEuropean.Methods：艾滋病病例与注射毒品使用者（IDU）诊断通过1995年进行了分析，包括IDU，同性恋/双性恋IDU，异性恋伴侣的IDU和儿童的母亲是IDU。结果：在171932例累积的艾滋病病例中，有73119例（43%）与静脉吸毒有关，其中静脉吸毒者占89.0%;家庭/双性恋者占3.5%; 90%以上与注射吸毒有关的病例集中在西南欧国家，西班牙的发病率（1995年每百万人124例）比其他地方高得多（意大利，每百万人68例;葡萄牙，每百万人42例;法国，每百万人38例）。在1990-1995年期间，发病率总体上以11%的年平均增长率增长，中欧和东欧的发病率超过23%;总体上，老年人的发病率增加（12%），而13-24岁的发病率下降（6%）。注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒流行率在各国之间和各国内部显示出相当大的地理差异。在西欧几个国家，流行率有所下降。在前苏联，通过系统的艾滋病毒检测（例如，1995- 1996年在乌克兰共检出6750例HIV感染者。结论：在欧洲，注射毒品在HIV传播中起着重要作用。在几个西欧国家，通过吸毒感染艾滋病毒的发病率继1980年代中期的高发病率之后有所下降。需要进行研究以评估目前的传播情况，必须继续开展预防工作。在东欧，新出现的流行病加强了预防的紧迫性。
Objectives: To evaluate the magnitude and trends of the HIV epidemic associated with injecting drug use in Europe.Methods: AIDS cases associated with injecting drug users (IDU) diagnosed through 1995 were analysed, including IDU, homo-/bisexual IDU, heterosexual partners of IDU and children whose mothers were IDU. HIV seroprevalence studies among IDU were reviewed.Results: Of the 171932 cumulative AIDS cases, 73119 (43%) were IDU-associated (IDU, 89.0%; home-/bisexual IDU, 3.5%; heterosexual partners of IDU, 6.2%; children with IDU mothers, 1.4%). Over 90% of IDU-associated cases were concentrated in south-western European countries with considerably higher rates in Spain (124 cases per million in 1995) than elsewhere (Italy, 68 per million; Portugal, 42 per million; France, 38 per million). During 1990-1995, incidence increased at an average annual rate of 11% overall and > 23% in central and eastern Europe; overall, incidence increased in older persons (12%) while decreasing in those aged 13-24 years (by 6%). HIV prevalence in IDU showed considerable geographic variation across and within countries. In several countries of western Europe, prevalence decreased. In the former Soviet Union, large HIV outbreaks have recently been detected among IDU through systematic HIV testing (e.g., in Ukraine, 6750 HIV infections were diagnosed in IDU tested during 1995-1996.Conclusions: IDU have played a major role in the spread of HIV in Europe. In several western European countries, the incidence of HIV acquired through drug use has declined following high rates in mid-1980s. Studies to assess current transmission are needed and prevention efforts must be maintained. In eastern Europe, emerging epidemics reinforce the urgency for prevention.