Shigella IpaH Family Effectors as a Versatile Model for Studying Pathogenic Bacteria.
Shigella IpaH Family Effectors as a Versatile Model for Studying Pathogenic Bacteria.
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Shigella Ipah家族效应子是研究致病细菌的多功能模型。
DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2015.00100
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Sasakawa C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashida H;Sasakawa C
志贺菌是引起细菌性痢疾（志贺氏菌病）的高度适应的人类病原体。通过III型分泌系统（T3SS），志贺菌递送负责致病的毒力蛋白（效应子）的子集，其功能包括焦亡、上皮细胞的侵袭、细胞内存活和逃避宿主免疫应答。有趣的是，T3SS效应子活性和策略并不是志贺氏菌所独有的，而是许多其他细菌病原体所共有的，包括沙门氏菌、耶尔森氏菌和肠致病性大肠杆菌（EPEC）。因此，研究志贺菌T3SS效应子不仅可以提高我们对细菌感染系统的认识，而且可以为开发细菌活疫苗和抗菌药物提供分子基础。志贺氏菌T3SS效应子之一IpaH家族蛋白具有E3泛素连接酶活性，并且在其他细菌病原体中广泛保守，这是非常相关的，因为它们通过触发细胞死亡和调节宿主免疫应答来促进细菌存活。在这里，我们描述了志贺氏菌发病机制的选择的例子，特别强调IpaH家族效应子的作用，揭示了细菌的生存策略，并提供了如何克服细菌感染的线索。
Shigella spp. are highly adapted human pathogens that cause bacillary dysentery (shigellosis). Via the type III secretion system (T3SS), Shigella deliver a subset of virulence proteins (effectors) that are responsible for pathogenesis, with functions including pyroptosis, invasion of the epithelial cells, intracellular survival, and evasion of host immune responses. Intriguingly, T3SS effector activity and strategies are not unique to Shigella, but are shared by many other bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella, Yersinia, and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Therefore, studying Shigella T3SS effectors will not only improve our understanding of bacterial infection systems, but also provide a molecular basis for developing live bacterial vaccines and antibacterial drugs. One of Shigella T3SS effectors, IpaH family proteins, which have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and are widely conserved among other bacterial pathogens, are very relevant because they promote bacterial survival by triggering cell death and modulating the host immune responses. Here, we describe selected examples of Shigella pathogenesis, with particular emphasis on the roles of IpaH family effectors, which shed new light on bacterial survival strategies and provide clues about how to overcome bacterial infections.