Actomyosin contractility and microtubules drive apical constriction in Xenopus bottle cells
Actomyosin contractility and microtubules drive apical constriction in Xenopus bottle cells
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.08.010
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Harland, Richard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Jen-Yi;Harland, Richard M.
细胞形状的变化是至关重要的形态发生事件，如原肠胚形成，神经胚形成和器官发生。然而，驱动细胞形状变化的细胞生物学知之甚少，特别是在脊椎动物中。非洲爪蟾原肠胚形成的开始是由瓶状细胞在背侧边缘区，弯曲的组织，并创建一个裂缝在胚孔唇顶端收缩。我们发现瓶细胞对原肠胚形成有重要作用，因为它们的形状变化可以产生初始囊胚形成所需的力。由于肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白通常与收缩有关，我们研究了它们在瓶状细胞中的定位和功能。F-肌动蛋白和激活的肌球蛋白积累顶端瓶细胞，肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白抑制剂，防止或严重扰乱瓶细胞的形成，表明肌动球蛋白收缩性是必需的顶端收缩。微管定位在apicobasally定向阵列瓶细胞，从顶端表面发出。令人惊讶的是，在诺考达唑而不是紫杉醇的存在下，顶端收缩被抑制，这表明顶端收缩需要完整的，但不是动态的微管。我们的研究结果表明，肌动球蛋白的收缩性所需的瓶细胞形态，并进一步表明一种新的和不可预测的作用，微管在顶端收缩。爱思唯尔公司出版
Cell shape changes are critical for morphogenetic events such as gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis. However, the cell biology driving cell shape changes is poorly understood, especially in vertebrates. The beginning of Xenopus laevis gastrulation is marked by the apical constriction of bottle cells in the dorsal marginal zone, which bends the tissue and creates a crevice at the blastopore lip. We found that bottle cells contribute significantly to gastrulation, as their shape change can generate the force required for initial blastopore formation. As actin and myosin are often implicated in contraction, we examined their localization and function in bottle cells. F-actin and activated myosin accumulate apically in bottle cells, and actin and myosin inhibitors either prevent or severely perturb bottle cell formation, showing that actomyosin contractility is required for apical constriction. Microtubules were localized in apicobasally directed arrays in bottle cells, emanating from the apical surface. Surprisingly, apical constriction was inhibited in the presence of nocodazole but not taxol, suggesting that intact, but not dynamic, microtubules are required for apical constriction. Our results indicate that actomyosin contractility is required for bottle cell morphogenesis and further suggest a novel and unpredicted role for microtubules during apical constriction. Published by Elsevier Inc.