Time-resolved grain-scale 3D imaging of hydrofracturing in halite layers induced by gypsum dehydration and pore fluid pressure buildup

Time-resolved grain-scale 3D imaging of hydrofracturing in halite layers induced by gypsum dehydration and pore fluid pressure buildup
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石膏脱水和孔隙流体压力增大引起的岩盐层水力压裂的时间分辨颗粒级 3D 成像

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116679
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Marti S
Marti S
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marti S

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脱水反应释放的流体被认为对会聚板块边界构造断层的强度和动力学有重要影响。传统上认为,流体的产生导致孔隙流体压力增加,从而扰乱断层的应力状态,从而促进和增强变形。这一重要假设从未得到直接显微结构观察的支持。在这里,我们调查石膏脱水的作用,在变形的钾长石岩石使用同步辐射时间分辨X射线计算机断层扫描(4D)成像。这种方法能够在颗粒尺度上记录耦合的化学、水力和机械过程。在我们的实验中,变形岩盐-石膏-岩盐三明治,我们观察到脱水石膏释放的流体积累在石膏-岩盐界面之前,分布的水力破坏的岩盐层排水流体。从我们的观察中,我们得出结论,认为不渗透的岩盐层中的碳酸盐岩不太可能捕获超压流体,例如,在薄皮构造剥离层中。此外,由于水力破坏是分散的,而不是本地化的,我们的实验表明,脱水反应本身可能无法解释中间深度的俯冲带地震活动。我们的数据表明,显着的潜力,在原位4D成像的基本构造过程的粒度尺度的调查。
Fluid release from dehydration reactions is considered to have significant effects on the strength and dynamics of tectonic faults at convergent plate boundaries. It is classically assumed that the production of fluid leads to increased pore fluid pressures that perturb a fault's stress state and thereby facilitates and enhances deformation. This important assumption has never been supported by direct microstructural observations. Here, we investigate the role of gypsum dehydration in the deformation of evaporitic rocks using synchrotron-based time-resolved X-ray computed microtomography (4D) imaging. This approach enables the documentation of coupled chemical, hydraulic and mechanical processes on the grain scale. In our experiments with deforming halite-gypsum-halite sandwiches we observe that the fluid released by dehydrating gypsum accumulates at the gypsum-halite interface before a distributed hydraulic failure of the halite layer drains the fluid. From our observations we conclude that perceivedly impermeable halite layers in evaporites are unlikely to trap overpressured fluid, e.g., in thin-skinned tectonic detachment horizons. Moreover, as the hydraulic failure is diffuse and not localized, our experiments suggest that dehydration reactions alone may not explain intermediate depth seismicity in subduction zones. Our data demonstrate the significant potential that in-situ 4D imaging has for the grain-scale investigation of fundamental tectonic processes.
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