Crystallographic studies of gas sorption in metal-organic frameworks.
Crystallographic studies of gas sorption in metal-organic frameworks.
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DOI：
10.1107/s2052520614009834
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发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brammer L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carrington EJ;Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ;Brammer L
气体的吸附和分离是被称为金属有机框架（MOFs）的一类材料的主要应用之一。本文综述了晶体学在表征吸附气体分子和气体吸附后骨架结构变化方面的作用。金属有机骨架（MOFs）是一类模块化设计的多孔晶体材料。这些材料的主要应用之一是吸附和分离气体，对能源，运输和医疗部门具有潜在的好处。在气体气氛下的MOFs的原位晶体学已经使气体负载下的框架的行为进行调查，并建立了吸附的气体分子在大量的MOFs的精确位置。本文回顾了在这样的晶体学研究，这已经发生在过去的十年中，但它的起源在早期的研究沸石，包合物等审查认为研究单晶或粉末衍射使用X射线或中子。在原位晶体学研究的背景下，特别是框架的灵活性，和存在的（有机）官能团和不饱和（开放）的金属网站内的孔，可以形成特定的相互作用与气体分子的功能，强烈影响气体吸附行为的MOFs的功能进行了讨论。
Adsorption and separation of gases is one of the primary applications of the class of materials known as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). The role of crystallography in characterizing adsorbed gas molecules and changes in framework structure upon gas sorption is reviewed. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous crystalline materials of modular design. One of the primary applications of these materials is in the adsorption and separation of gases, with potential benefits to the energy, transport and medical sectors. In situ crystallography of MOFs under gas atmospheres has enabled the behaviour of the frameworks under gas loading to be investigated and has established the precise location of adsorbed gas molecules in a significant number of MOFs. This article reviews progress in such crystallographic studies, which has taken place over the past decade, but has its origins in earlier studies of zeolites, clathrates etc. The review considers studies by single-crystal or powder diffraction using either X-rays or neutrons. Features of MOFs that strongly affect gas sorption behaviour are discussed in the context of in situ crystallographic studies, specifically framework flexibility, and the presence of (organic) functional groups and unsaturated (open) metal sites within pores that can form specific interactions with gas molecules.