A relict bank vole lineage highlights the biogeographic history of the Pyrenean region in Europe
A relict bank vole lineage highlights the biogeographic history of the Pyrenean region in Europe
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04162.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Michaux, Johan R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deffontaine, Valerie;Ledevin, Ronan;Michaux, Johan R.
比利牛斯地区显示出高度的地方性，表明对欧洲物种的系统地理学有重大贡献。但是，到目前为止，比利牛斯山脉及其周边地区作为温带物种的冰川避难所的作用仍然很少被探索。本研究通过对典型的森林小型哺乳动物——银田鼠（Myodes glareolus）的遗传多态性和形态分析，探讨了比利牛斯地区的生物地理作用。对线粒体细胞色素b基因和第三上臼齿（M-3）的分析表明，比利牛斯地区的人类具有复杂的系统地理结构，至少有三个不同的谱系：西欧、西班牙和巴斯克谱系。西北比利牛斯山的巴斯克田鼠系被认为是欧洲一个新的明显分化和地理定位的滩田鼠系。巴斯克河岸田鼠的平均M-3形状表明形态分化，但也限制了与其他种群的遗传交流。我们的遗传和形态学结果以及古环境和化石记录支持了位于比利牛斯山脉西北部的欧洲新冰川避难所的假设。在这个地区长期存在的适宜的小气候条件可能使温带物种得以生存，包括人类。此外，比利牛斯山周围的局部分化是有利的，因为种群有机会追踪植被带在海拔而不是纬度上的变化。巴斯克谱系的发现与西北比利牛斯山脉报道的高水平地方性分类群一致。
The Pyrenean region exhibits high levels of endemism suggesting a major contribution to the phylogeography of European species. But, to date, the role of the Pyrenees and surrounding areas as a glacial refugium for temperate species remains poorly explored. In the current study, we investigated the biogeographic role of the Pyrenean region through the analyses of genetic polymorphism and morphology of a typical forest-dwelling small mammal, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the third upper molar (M-3) show a complex phylogeographic structure in the Pyrenean region with at least three distinct lineages: the Western European, Spanish and Basque lineages. The Basque lineage in the northwestern (NW) Pyrenees was identified as a new clearly differentiated and geographically localized bank vole lineage in Europe. The average M-3 shape of Basque bank voles suggests morphological differentiation but also restricted genetic exchanges with other populations. Our genetic and morphological results as well as palaeo-environmental and fossils records support the hypothesis of a new glacial refugium in Europe situated in the NW Pyrenees. The permissive microclimatic conditions that prevailed for a long time in this region may have allowed the survival of temperate species, including humans. Moreover, local differentiation around the Pyrenees is favoured by the opportunity for populations to track the shift of the vegetation belt in altitude rather than in latitude. The finding of the Basque lineage is in agreement with the high level of endemic taxa reported in the NW Pyrenees.