Kyasanur forest disease: an epidemiological view in India
Kyasanur forest disease: an epidemiological view in India
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Kyasanur 森林病：印度的流行病学观点
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Priyabrata Pattnaik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Priyabrata Pattnaik
基萨努尔森林病 (KFD) 在印度卡纳塔克邦希莫加地区首次被认为是一种发热性疾病。病原体 KFD 病毒 (KFDV) 是黄病毒科的高致病性成员，在受感染的人类中产生出血性疾病。 KFD 是一种人畜共患疾病，迄今为止仅局限于印度南部地区。其在 20 世纪 50 年代中期出现的确切原因尚不清楚。最近在沙特阿拉伯发现了 KFDV 的一种变种，其血清学和遗传学特征为 Alkhurma 出血热病毒 (AHFV)。 KFDV 和 AHFV 具有 89% 的序列同源性，表明共同的祖先起源。 KFDV 包膜 (E) 蛋白的同源模型表现出与其他黄病毒相似的结构，表明病毒与细胞融合的共同机制。 KFDV 感染中受体-配体相互作用的可能机制可能类似于其他黄病毒。目前的理解是，KFDV 可能在印度的几个地区默默存在，与其他蜱传病毒的抗原和结构差异可能与 KFDV 独特的宿主特异性和致病性有关。从1999年1月到2005年1月，尽管进行了常规疫苗接种，但印度次大陆卡纳塔克邦发现的KFD病例数量不断增加，这表明当前疫苗方案的效力不足。然而，KFD病例增加的确切原因还需要进一步调查。考虑到总体上对更安全、更有效的疫苗的需求，显然需要开发替代疫苗以及 KFD 快速诊断系统。 KFD主要焦点的生态变化也值得关注，因为它可能导致该疾病在较新的地区出现，而这是以前从未报道过的。版权所有 © 2006 约翰·威利父子有限公司
Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) was first recognised as a febrile illness in the Shimoga district of Karnataka state of India. The causative agent, KFD virus (KFDV), is a highly pathogenic member in the family Flaviviridae, producing a haemorrhagic disease in infected human beings. KFD is a zoonotic disease and has so far been localised only in a southern part of India. The exact cause of its emergence in the mid 1950s is not known. A variant of KFDV, characterised serologically and genetically as Alkhurma haemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV), has been recently identified in Saudi Arabia. KFDV and AHFV share 89% sequence homology, suggesting common ancestral origin. Homology modelling of KFDV envelope (E) protein exhibited a structure similar to those of other flaviviruses, suggesting a common mechanism of virus‐cell fusion. The possible mechanism of receptor‐ligand interaction involved in infection by KFDV may resemble that of other flavivirses. Present understanding is that KFDV may be persisting silently in several regions of India and that antigenic and structural differences from other tick borne viruses may be related to the unique host specificity and pathogenicity of KFDV. From January 1999 through January 2005, an increasing number of KFD cases have been detected in Karnataka state of Indian subcontinent despite routine vaccination, suggesting insufficient efficacy of the current vaccine protocol. However, the exact cause of the increase of KFD cases needs further investigation. Considering the requirement of safer and more effective vaccines in general, there is clearly a need for developing an alternative vaccine as well as a rapid diagnostic system for KFD. The changing ecology of the prime focus of the KFD also warrants attention, as it may lead to establishment of the disease in newer localities, never reported before. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.