Phenotypic plasticity of avian social-learning strategies
Phenotypic plasticity of avian social-learning strategies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.09.029
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Verhulst, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riebel, Katharina;Spierings, Michelle J.;Verhulst, Simon
社会学习，即动物向其他动物学习，通过社会网络调节信息的传播。为了使这一过程具有适应性，动物应该有选择性地选择何时和谁来复制。决策的成本可以通过偏向特定类别的个人的认知偏差来控制。这种模型偏差被很好地记录下来，但很少有实验研究解决这种变异的潜在发展原因。因此，我们测试了出生后环境是否以及如何影响已知的社交学习者斑马雀的社交学习偏好。来自实验中操纵的雏鸟大小的鸟，一种已知会影响该物种成体表型质量的处理，在建立的观察者-示范者范式中进行了测试。天真的观察者可以看到不熟悉的同性同种动物从不同颜色的新喂食者那里进食。当随后允许在相同的喂食器之间进行选择时，出生后条件(=饲养幼崽的大小)对成年后谁模仿谁有很大的影响：雄性更喜欢来自大孵化的示威者的喂食者，雌性更喜欢来自与自己匹配的示威者的喂食者，这表明觅食群体内的分层信息传递。我们的结果表明，个体的发展历史可以解释个体间在模型偏差和随后的群体内结构化信息传递方面的巨大差异。(C)2012年动物行为研究协会。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Social learning, whereby animals learn from others, mediates the spread of information through social networks. To make this process adaptive, animals should be selective with respect to when and whom to copy. The cost of decision making can be curbed by cognitive biases favouring particular categories of individuals. Such model biases are well documented, but few, if any, experimental studies have addressed potential developmental causes of this variation. We therefore tested whether and how the postnatal environment affected social-learning preferences in a known social learner the zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata. Birds from experimentally manipulated brood sizes, a treatment known to affect adult phenotypic quality in this species, were tested in an established observer-demonstrator paradigm. Naive observers could watch unfamiliar same-sex conspecifics feed from differently coloured novel feeders. When subsequently allowed to choose between identical feeders, postnatal conditions (=rearing brood size) had strong effects on who copied whom in adulthood: males preferred the feeders of demonstrators from large brood sizes, females those of demonstrators from brood sizes matching their own, suggesting stratified information transfer within foraging groups. Our results demonstrate how individuals' developmental history can explain substantial interindividual variation in model biases and ensuing structured information transfer within groups. (c) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.