Design and rationale for evaluating the impact of salad bars on elementary school students' fruit, vegetable, and energy intake: a wait list control, cluster randomized controlled trial.
Design and rationale for evaluating the impact of salad bars on elementary school students' fruit, vegetable, and energy intake: a wait list control, cluster randomized controlled trial.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-022-14744-y
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发表时间：
2022-12-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
大多数儿童没有摄入推荐量的水果和蔬菜（FV）。改变学校食物环境可以是提高儿童饮食质量的一种具有成本效益的有效方法。有很大的流行支持学校沙拉酒吧作为一种手段，以增加儿童的FV摄入量在全国学校午餐计划（NSLP），但实证研究是有限的。此外，虽然食用FV可以促进健康的体重管理，如果这些食物取代高热量的项目，有必要加强了解沙拉酒吧对儿童的饮食质量和能量摄入的影响在NSLP。在高度贫困社区的学校进行调查尤为重要，因为这些学校所服务的学生特别可能依赖学校供餐。这份报告描述了联邦政府资助的一项调查的设计和原理，该调查使用经过验证的方法来评估学校沙拉吧。该地区计划在5年内为141所小学安装沙拉吧，以便于进行等待名单控制，集群随机对照试验。具体而言，将随机选择12对匹配的学校：一半接受沙拉吧（干预），一半只提供预先分配的FVs，这是NSLP的标准（对照）。因此，各团体将有不同的FV呈现方法;然而，所有学校都将根据一项政策运作，要求学生至少参加一次FV服务。学校将根据第一章的地位和种族/民族少数民族学生的百分比进行匹配。将在每对学校的午餐时、沙拉吧安装前（基线）和沙拉吧安装后4-6周（后）客观评估摄入量，在整个研究期间产生约14，160次午餐观察结果。将获得自助餐厅销售和NSLP参与数据，以确定沙拉吧如何影响收入。最后，将评估实施因素和自助餐厅工作人员的观点，以确定使用沙拉吧的障碍和促进因素，并为可持续性工作提供信息。描述了由于COVID-19而进行的这项调查的拟议方法和现状。研究结果将有很大的潜力为学校营养政策和旨在改善饮食质量和减少肥胖的计划提供信息。在clinicaltrials.gov（NCT 05605483）中注册了Retroperitoneal（10/28/22）。
Most children do not consume the recommended amount of fruit and vegetable (FV) servings. Changing the school food environment can be a cost-efficient, effective approach to improving children’s dietary quality. There is great popular support for school salad bars as a means to increase children’s FV intake within the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), yet empirical research is limited. Further, although FV consumption can facilitate healthy weight management if these foods replace high calorie items, there is a need to enhance understanding of salad bars’ influence on children’s diet quality and energy intake within the NSLP. This is particularly important to investigate in schools in communities characterized by high poverty, as students they serve are particularly likely to rely on school meals. This report describes the design and rationale of a federally-funded investigation that uses validated methods to evaluate school salad bars. This district plans to install salad bars into 141 elementary schools over 5-years, facilitating the conduct of a waitlist control, cluster randomized controlled trial. Specifically, 12 pairs of matched schools will be randomly selected: half receiving a salad bar (Intervention) and half serving pre-portioned FVs only, standard under the NSLP (Control). Thus, groups will have different FV presentation methods; however, all schools will operate under a policy requiring students to take at least one FV serving. Schools will be matched on Title I status and percent of racial/ethnic minoritized students. Intake will be objectively assessed at lunch in each school pair, prior to (baseline), and 4–6 weeks after salad bars are installed (post), yielding ~ 14,160 lunch observations throughout the study duration. Cafeteria sales and NSLP participation data will be obtained to determine how salad bars impact revenues. Finally, implementation factors and cafeteria personnel’s perspectives will be assessed, to identify barriers and facilitators to salad bars use and inform sustainability efforts. Proposed methods and current status of this investigation due to COVID-19 are described. Results will have great potential to inform school nutrition policies and programs designed to improve dietary quality and reduce obesity. Retrospectively registered (10/28/22) in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05605483).
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Bean MK;Thornton LM;Mazzeo SE;Raynor HA
通讯作者：
Raynor HA
影响因子：
26.1
作者：
Cohen JF;Richardson SA;Cluggish SA;Parker E;Catalano PJ;Rimm EB
通讯作者：
Rimm EB
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Bean, Melanie K.;Spalding, Bethany Brady;Stewart, Mary Dunne
通讯作者：
Stewart, Mary Dunne
DOI：
10.1186/1479-5868-2-15
发表时间：
2005-10-10
期刊：
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bere, Elling;Klepp, Knut-Inge
通讯作者：
Klepp, Knut-Inge
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Bean MK;Sova A;Thornton LM;Raynor HA;Williams A;Stewart MD;Mazzeo SE
通讯作者：
Mazzeo SE