Large-eddy simulations with extremum-seeking control for individual wind turbine power optimization
Large-eddy simulations with extremum-seeking control for individual wind turbine power optimization
复制标题
用于单个风力涡轮机功率优化的具有极值搜索控制的大涡模拟
DOI：
10.1002/we.2112
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
S. Leonardi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
U. Ciri;M. Rotea;C. Santoni;S. Leonardi
已经对流经三个对齐涡轮机阵列的气流进行了大涡模拟。该研究的重点是低于额定（区域2）的风速。涡轮机通过发电机扭矩增益进行控制，通常在区域2中进行。考虑了两种操作策略：（i）基于功率系数模型（基线情况）预设单独的最佳扭矩增益，以及（ii）扭矩增益的真实的实时优化，用于在操作期间最大化每个单独的涡轮机功率捕获。真实的实时优化是通过无模型方法，即极值搜索控制来实现的。结果表明，ESC是能够增加6.5%，相对于基线情况下的阵列的功率产生。极值搜索控制降低了下游涡轮机的扭矩增益，从而提高了叶片的角速度。这导致叶片尖端附近的空气动力学得到改善，叶片尖端是主要贡献扭矩和功率的部分。此外，角速度的增加导致尾流中更大的夹带，这也有助于向下游提供额外的可用功率。它还表明，叶尖速比可能不是一个可靠的性能指标时，涡轮机在唤醒条件。在尾流涡轮机的应用中，当使用从孤立的涡轮机模型确定的最佳参数设置时，这可能是一个问题。版权所有© 2017约翰威利父子有限公司
Large‐eddy simulations of the flow past an array of three aligned turbines have been performed. The study is focused on below rated (Region 2) wind speeds. The turbines are controlled through the generator torque gain, as usually done in Region 2. Two operating strategies are considered: (i) preset individual optimum torque gain based on a model for the power coefficient (baseline case) and (ii) real‐time optimization of torque gain for maximizing each individual turbine power capture during operation. The real‐time optimization is carried out through a model‐free approach, namely, extremum‐seeking control. It is shown that ESC is capable of increasing the power production of the array by 6.5% relative to the baseline case. The extremum‐seeking control reduces the torque gain of the downstream turbines, thus increasing the angular speed of the blades. This results in improved aerodynamics near the tip of the blade that is the portion contributing mostly to the torque and power. In addition, an increase in angular speed leads to a larger entrainment in the wake, which also contributes to provide additional available power downstream. It is also shown that the tip speed ratio may not be a reliable performance indicator when the turbines are in waked conditions. This may be a concern when using optimal parameter settings, determined from isolated turbine models, in applications with waked turbines. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.