Ruminative and reflective forms of self-focus : Their relationships with interpersonal skills and emotional reactivity under interpersonal stress
Ruminative and reflective forms of self-focus : Their relationships with interpersonal skills and emotional reactivity under interpersonal stress
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自我关注的反省和反思形式：人际压力下与人际交往能力和情绪反应的关系
DOI：
10.1016/j.paid.2011.05.010
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takano;K.;Sakamoto;S.;Tanno;Y
自我关注可以分为适应性和不适应性两个方面，即自我反思和自我沉思。本研究探讨了这些独特的自我关注形式是如何与开始和维持社会关系所需的人际交往技能，以及当一个人遇到人际关系问题时，与消极的情绪调节。一项对150名大学生的调查（研究1）表明，自我反思和自我反刍和人际交往技能之间的横截面关联;自我反刍与感知受损的人际交往技能，而自我反思与改善的技能。研究二采用四波纵向设计，考察了自我沉思和自我反思对人际冲突负性情绪反应的缓冲作用。多层次模型分析表明，自我反刍预测更大的增加后，一个经验的负面人际关系事件的负面影响，而自我反思没有这样的影响。这些结果表明，自我反刍与感知受损的人际交往能力，这可能会延迟解决问题，并加剧人际关系问题的影响，从而导致烦躁不安。相反，自我反省可能有助于在正常或稳定的条件下维持关系，但在困难或消极的情况下，如经历人际关系问题时，无助于情绪调节或解决问题。
Self-focus can be divided into adaptive and maladaptive aspects, that is, self-reflection and self-rumination respectively. This study explores how these distinctive forms of self-focus are associated with interpersonal skills required for beginning and maintaining social relationships, and with negative emotional regulation when one experiences interpersonal problems. A survey of 150 undergraduates (Study 1) indicated contrasting cross-sectional associations between self-reflection and self-rumination and interpersonal skills; self-rumination is associated with perceived impaired interpersonal skills, whereas self-reflection is associated with the improved skills. In Study 2, using a four-wave longitudinal design, we investigated the buffering effects of self-rumination and self-reflection on negative emotional reactivity to interpersonal conflicts. Analysis of multilevel models indicated that self-rumination predicts a greater increase in negative affect after one experiences negative interpersonal events, whereas self-reflection had no such effects on the negative affect. These results suggest that self-rumination is associated with perceived impaired interpersonal skills, which could delay problem solving and exacerbate the effect of interpersonal problems, thereby leading to dysphoria. In contrast, self-reflection might contribute to the maintenance of relationships in usual or stable conditions but does not aid emotion regulation or problem solving in difficult or negative situations such as when one experiences interpersonal problems.