Sustainability Assessment of Large Irrigation Dams in Senegal: A Cost-Benefit Analysis for the Senegal River Valley
Sustainability Assessment of Large Irrigation Dams in Senegal: A Cost-Benefit Analysis for the Senegal River Valley
复制标题
塞内加尔大型灌溉水坝的可持续性评估：塞内加尔河流域的成本效益分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
A. Strapasson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Manikowski;A. Strapasson
从1970年代开始，塞内加尔政府投资于发展塞内加尔河谷塞内加尔部分的灌溉计划。从那时到2012年，灌溉计划从1万公顷增加到11万公顷以上。与此同时，这些计划的经济可行性开始受到质疑。此外，环境卫生和社会成本似乎可能超过灌溉的收益。利用生命周期评估方法和项目成本效益模型，本研究(i)量化了S-SRV灌溉水稻生产的成本和效益，（ii）评估了其外部性的成本和效益，（iii）讨论了灌溉水稻支持政策。灌溉计划的净财政收入是正的，但它们的经济等价物是正的。经济回报率（EER）低于预期的12%，该项目20年的净现值（NPV）损失约为- 1960万美元。然而，如果我们还考虑到项目的负面外部性，如河谷生态系统生产力下降、人类健康保护成本、环境退化和社会影响，那么净现值将更糟，约为- 5.721亿美元。因此，为了减少经济损失和减轻人类痛苦，应采用综合方法修改S-SRV开发政策，开发技术应以环境可持续性为目标。本文可能为审查塞内加尔目前的山谷政策，以及评估世界范围内其他类似案例或未来项目提供有用的见解，特别是在发展中国家的关键地区。
Starting in the 1970s, the Senegalese Government invested in the development of irrigated schemes in the Senegalese part of the Senegal River Valley (S-SRV). From that time to 2012, the irrigated schemes increased from 10,000 ha to more than 110,000 ha. In the meantime, the economic viability of these schemes started to be questioned. It also appeared that the environmental health and social costs might outweigh the benefits of irrigation. Using a life cycle assessment approach and project cost-benefits modelling, this study (i) quantified the costs and benefits of the S-SRV irrigated rice production, (ii) evaluated the costs and benefits of its externalities and (iii) discussed the irrigated rice support policy. The net financial revenues from the irrigated schemes were positive, but their economic equivalences. The economic return rate (EER) was below the expected 12% and the net present value (NPV) over 20 years of the project represented a loss of about US$-19.6 million. However, if we also include the project’s negative externalities, such as the reduced productivity of the valley ecosystems, protection cost of human health, environmental degradation and social impacts, then the NPV would be much worse, approximately US$-572.1 million. Therefore, the results show that to stop the economic loss and alleviate the human suffering, the S-SRV development policy should be revised using an integrated approach and the exploitation technology should aim at environmental sustainability. This paper may offer useful insights for reviewing the current Senegalese policies for the valley, as well as for assessing other similar cases or future projects worldwide, particularly in critical zones of developing countries.