Biodiversity inhibits species' evolutionary responses to changing environments
Biodiversity inhibits species' evolutionary responses to changing environments
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01152.x
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Barraclough, T. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Mazancourt, C.;Johnson, E.;Barraclough, T. G.
尽管生态学和进化论研究之间的相互作用越来越大，但生物多样性如何影响物种内的进化动态的问题仍未得到研究。在这里，我们使用了一个经典的物种表型进化模型，但引入了影响斑块条件的全球变化，表明生物多样性可以在全球变化期间抑制物种的进化。几个物种的存在增加了一个或多个物种预先适应新条件的机会，这限制了所有物种进化反应的生态机会。因此，环境变化倾向于选择物种丰度的变化，而不是每个物种内表型的变化。我们描述的物种多样性的缓冲效应可能是对自然系统中广泛观察到的生态位保守性的一个重要但被忽视的解释。此外，结果表明，试图理解生物对环境变化的反应需要在现实的多样化环境中同时考虑生态和进化过程。
Despite growing interplay between ecological and evolutionary studies, the question of how biodiversity influences evolutionary dynamics within species remains understudied. Here, using a classical model of phenotypic evolution in species occupying a patchy environment, but introducing global change affecting patch conditions, we show that biodiversity can inhibit species' evolution during global change. The presence of several species increases the chance that one or more species are pre-adapted to new conditions, which restricts the ecological opportunity for evolutionary responses in all the species. Consequently, environmental change tends to select for changes in species abundances rather than for changing phenotypes within each species. The buffering effects of species diversity that we describe might be one important but neglected explanation for widely observed niche conservatism in natural systems. Furthermore, the results show that attempts to understand biotic responses to environmental change need to consider both ecological and evolutionary processes in a realistically diverse setting.