The role of acyl-glucose in anthocyanin modifications.

The role of acyl-glucose in anthocyanin modifications.
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DOI:
10.3390/molecules191118747
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发表时间:
2014-11-14
期刊:
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miyahara T
Miyahara T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sasaki N;Nishizaki Y;Ozeki Y;Miyahara T

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高等植物可以通过修饰它们所呈现的六种常见的花青素苷元来产生各种各样的花青素分子。因此,可以通过糖基化和酰化形成亲水性花青素苷分子并使其稳定。糖基转移酶(GT)和酰基转移酶(AT)有两种类型,即细胞质GT和AT和液泡GT和AT。细胞质GT和AT分别利用UDP-糖和酰基-CoA作为供体分子,而液泡GT和AT都使用酰基-葡萄糖作为供体分子。在香石竹植物中,液泡GT使用芳香酰基葡萄糖作为体内葡萄糖供体;独立地,液泡AT使用苹果酰基葡萄糖,脂肪酰基葡萄糖作为酰基供体。在飞燕草和拟南芥中,对羟基苯甲酰葡萄糖和芥子酰葡萄糖分别通过液泡GT和AT在体内用作双功能供体分子。这些酶的进化使得飞燕草和拟南芥能够利用独特的供体分子来生产高度修饰的花青素。
Higher plants can produce a wide variety of anthocyanin molecules through modification of the six common anthocyanin aglycons that they present. Thus, hydrophilic anthocyanin molecules can be formed and stabilized by glycosylation and acylation. Two types of glycosyltransferase (GT) and acyltransferase (AT) have been identified, namely cytoplasmic GT and AT and vacuolar GT and AT. Cytoplasmic GT and AT utilize UDP-sugar and acyl-CoA as donor molecules, respectively, whereas both vacuolar GT and AT use acyl-glucoses as donor molecules. In carnation plants, vacuolar GT uses aromatic acyl-glucoses as the glucose donor in vivo; independently, vacuolar AT uses malylglucose, an aliphatic acyl-glucose, as the acyl-donor. In delphinium and Arabidopsis, p-hydroxybenzoylglucose and sinapoylglucose are used in vivo as bi-functional donor molecules by vacuolar GT and AT, respectively. The evolution of these enzymes has allowed delphinium and Arabidopsis to utilize unique donor molecules for production of highly modified anthocyanins.
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