Productive Benefits of Health: Evidence from Low-Income Countries
Productive Benefits of Health: Evidence from Low-Income Countries
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健康的生产效益：来自低收入国家的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Schultz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Schultz
成人营养和健康状况的各种家庭调查指标被分析为个人工资的决定因素。然而，健康状况的调查指标可能是异质的，或者是由投资行为形成的健康人力资本以及由于基因型、随机冲击和测量误差而产生的变异的组合，不受行为控制。尽管没有明确的方法来区分人力资本和健康结果的遗传变异，但健康状况（例如身高）对社区卫生服务、父母社会经济特征和种族类别的替代映射可能具有启发性。健康人力资本的工具变量估计和测量的健康状况的剩余变异源包含在工资函数中，以根据经验评估健康两个组成部分的生产力是否相等。加纳、科特迪瓦和巴西的证据表明，健康人力资本对工资的影响远大于与残余健康变异相关的影响。
Various household survey indicators of adult nutrition and health status are analyzed as determinants of individual wages. However, survey indicators of health status may be heterogeneous, or a combination of health human capital formed by investment behavior and variation due to genotype, random shocks, and measurement error, which are uncontrolled by behavior. Although there are no definitive methods for distinguishing between human capital and genetic variation in health outcomes, alternative mappings of health status, such as height, on community health services, parent socioeconomic characteristics, and ethnic categories may be suggestive. Instrumental variable estimates of health human capital and residual sources of variation in measured health status are included in wage functions to assess empirically whether the productivity of both components of health are equal. Evidence from Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire and Brazil suggests that the health human capital effect on wages is substantially larger than that associated with residual health variation.