Short report: Duration of tick attachment required for transmission of Powassan virus by deer ticks
Short report: Duration of tick attachment required for transmission of Powassan virus by deer ticks
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.3.0700268
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kramer, LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebel, GD;Kramer, LD
让受感染的鹿蜱（硬蜱）附着在幼鼠身上不同长度的时间，以确定发生波瓦桑（POW）病毒传播所需的蜱附着持续时间。还监测了从病毒血症小鼠分离的充血幼虫和由此产生的若虫的病毒载量。百分之九十的幼虫蜱从腹腔内接种了 105 个空斑形成单位 (PFU) 的小鼠身上获得了 POW 病毒。饱胀的幼虫含有大约 10 PFU。跨斯塔传播效率为 22%，导致以幼虫形式喂养病毒血症小鼠的若虫感染率约为 20%。蜕皮期间滴度增加约 100 倍。若虫鹿蜱在附着后短短 15 分钟即可有效地将 POW 病毒传播给幼稚小鼠，这表明与伯氏疏螺旋体、田鼠巴贝虫和嗜吞噬细胞变形虫不同，蜱附着和 POW 病毒传播之间不存在宽限期。
Infected deer ticks (Ixodes scaptilaris) were allowed to attach to naive mice for variable lengths of time to determine the duration of tick attachment required for Powassan (POW) virus transmission to occur. Viral load in engorged larvae detaching from viremic mice and in resulting nymphs was also monitored. Ninety percent of larval ticks acquired POW virus from mice that had been intraperitoneally inoculated with 105 plaque-forming units (PFU). Engorged larvae contained approximately 10 PFU. Transstadial transmission efficiency was 22%, resulting in approximately 20% infection in nymphs that had fed as larvae on viremic mice. Titer increased approximately 100-fold during molting. Nymphal deer ticks efficiently transmitted POW virus to naive mice after as few as 15 minutes of attachment, suggesting that unlike Borrelia burgdorferi, Babesia microti, and Anaplasnia phagocytophilum, no grace period exists between tick attachment and POW virus transmission.