Hypertension and cardiovascular health in Venezuela and Latin American countries
Hypertension and cardiovascular health in Venezuela and Latin American countries
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jhh.1000978
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Velasco, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernández-Hernández, R;Armas-Padilla, MC;Velasco, M
自1950年以来，拉丁美洲次大陆所有国家在若干健康指标、人口、流行病、社会文化和生活方式方面都经历了非常重要的变化。与发达国家相比，拉丁美洲国家65岁以上人口的比例往往较低。心血管疾病是大多数拉丁美洲国家的主要死亡原因，其发病率与发达国家相似。随着传染病的减少，心血管疾病成为拉丁美洲国家的主要死亡原因。不同报告中的高血压患病率显示，成人人群中的高血压患病率从40%到8%不等，但平均20%到23%的成人人群血压升高。这一流行率与发达国家的报告相似。然而，每个国家及其地区的差异很大，因此调查高血压发病率和当地因素的当地研究非常重要。对高血压的认识、治疗和控制程度低于发达国家的报告水平，制定解决这一公共卫生问题的计划非常重要，从预防到治疗，从初级保健到更高水平的关注。
Since 1950 all countries of the Latin-American sub-continent have experienced very important changes in several health indicators, in the demographic, epidemiological, socio-cultural and way of living profiles. The proportion of the population over 65 years old tend to be low in the Latin American countries in contrast to developed countries. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in most of the Latin American countries at a similar rate to that of the developed world. As infectious diseases are reduced, cardiovascular diseases takes their place as the main cause of death in Latin American countries. Prevalence of hypertension in different reports show variations from 40 to 8% in the adult population, but on average 20 to 23% of the adult population have elevated blood pressure. This prevalence is similar to reports in the developed world. However there is considerable variability in each country and its regions so it is important that local studies of prevalence and local factors in the development of hypertension are investigated. The degree of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension is lower than that reported in the developed world, and it is important to establish programmes to attend to this public health problem, from prevention to treatment, from primary care to higher levels of attention.