Relating optimism, hope, and self-esteem to social influences in deterring substance use in adolescents
Relating optimism, hope, and self-esteem to social influences in deterring substance use in adolescents
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DOI：
10.1521/jscp.1998.17.4.443
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Evans, RI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carvajal, SC;Clair, SD;Evans, RI
尽管研究个人因素和青少年物质使用之间的关系有很长的历史，但这种关系并不总是被清楚地描绘出来。目前的研究集中在三个通常与身心健康相关的因素上：性格乐观、希望和自尊。结合社会影响模型对这些结构进行了审查，该模型适用于威慑物质使用。对代表多种族/族裔人口的青少年(n=1,985)进行了一项横断面研究。结果表明，乐观、希望和自尊是避免使用药物的决定因素，这些变量的影响通过态度、感知规范和感知行为控制来中介。此外，结构方程模型分析表明，一个更一般的保护维度主要解释了人格因素与避免物质使用的中介因素之间的关系。这些发现表明，如果结合更直接的物质使用决定因素解决更多的全球个人内部因素，预防药物使用的努力可能会更有效。
Although there is a long history of research examining relationships between intrapersonal factors and adolescent substance use, such relationships have not always been clearly delineated. The present study focused on three factors generally associated with physical and mental well being:dispositional optimism, hope, and self-esteem. These constructs were examined in relation to a social influence model as applied to the deterrence of substance use. A cross-sectional study was undertaken employing adolescents (n = 1,985) representative of a multi-racial/ethnic population. The results suggest that optimism, hope, and self-esteem are determinants of avoiding substance use, with the effects of these variables being mediated by attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control. Additionally, the structural equation modeling analysis suggests a more general protective dimension predominantly accounts for the relationships between the personality factors and the mediators of avoiding substance use. These findings suggest efforts to prevent substance use may be more effective if they address more global intrapersonal factors in conjunction with the more immediate determinants of substance use.