Tuning in the spatial dimension: Evidence from a masked speech identification task
Tuning in the spatial dimension: Evidence from a masked speech identification task
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DOI：
10.1121/1.2945710
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kidd, Gerald, Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marrone, Nicole;Mason, Christine R.;Kidd, Gerald, Jr.
在三个人的声场听音实验中，研究了掩蔽的空间释放。目标说话者被呈现在0度方位角，并且掩蔽者被并置或对称地放置在目标周围，每侧都有不同的掩蔽者说话者。对称的位置极大地降低了任何“更好的耳朵”的听力优势。当掩蔽物与目标相隔+/-15度时，掩蔽物的平均空间释放量为8分贝。较宽的间隔使释放量增加到12分贝以上。当用耳塞和耳罩盖住一只耳朵，降低双耳提示和感知的空间间隔时，这种巨大的影响就被消除了。房间内混响的增加增加了目标与掩蔽者的比率(T/M)，虽然空间分离的显著优势仍然存在，但分离的条件减少了从掩蔽中释放的情况。时间颠倒掩蔽者语音提高了同位和空间分离情况下的性能，但在同位条件下T/M降低最大，也导致从掩蔽中空间释放的减少。总体而言，观察到的空间调谐似乎取决于耳间差异的存在，这种差异改善了来源的感知分离，并促进了在空间某一点上的注意力集中。(C)2008年美国声学学会。
Spatial release from masking was studied in a three-talker soundfield listening experiment. The target talker was presented at 0 degrees azimuth and the maskers were either colocated or symmetrically positioned around the target, with a different masker talker on each side. The symmetric placement greatly reduced any "better ear" listening advantage. When the maskers were separated from the target by +/- 15 degrees, the average spatial release from masking was 8 dB. Wider separations increased the release to more than 12 dB. This large effect was eliminated when binaural cues and perceived spatial separation were degraded by covering one ear with an earplug and earmuff. Increasing reverberation in the room increased the target-to-masker ratio (T/M) for the separated, but not colocated, conditions reducing the release from masking, although a significant advantage of spatial separation remained. Time reversing the masker speech improved performance in both the colocated and spatially separated cases but lowered T/M the most for the colocated condition, also resulting in a reduction in the spatial release from masking. Overall, the spatial tuning observed appears to depend on the presence of interaural differences that improve the perceptual segregation of sources and facilitate the focus of attention at a point in space. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America.