Introduction, expansion and coexistence of epidemic Flavobacterium psychrophilum lineages in Chilean fish farms
Introduction, expansion and coexistence of epidemic Flavobacterium psychrophilum lineages in Chilean fish farms
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.009
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发表时间：
2014-06-04
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Duchaud, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avendano-Herrera, Ruben;Houel, Armel;Duchaud, Eric
智利是鲑鱼养殖发展最成功的国家之一。智利第一次从北方进口鲑鱼可以追溯到世纪末，该国现在是世界第二大养殖鲑鱼生产国。然而，由细菌嗜冷黄杆菌引起的感染的快速增加是这个当地行业日益关注的问题。这种病原体也被认为是世界范围内的一个重要问题，1993年在智利首次报道，目前正在影响所有三种养殖的鲑鱼：大西洋鲑鱼（萨尔莫）、银鲑（Oncorhynchus kisutch）和虹鳟鱼（O. mykiss）。本研究采用多位点序列分型（MLST）技术对F. psychrophilum，以更好地了解其起源和在该国的传播，并建议的做法，可能有助于在未来的控制。从主要生产区收集的共94株细菌分离株进行了分析，并与其他来源的菌株进行了比较。这些数据揭示了几种基因型在全国范围内的分布，这些基因型与欧洲和北美渔场中最流行的基因型密切相关，并且不同谱系的宿主鱼类重叠。这种种群结构可能是当地养鱼做法的直接后果，直到最近，当地养鱼做法还依赖于大量进口鱼卵（例如，2012年有7800万枚鸡蛋），混合物种农场和全国各地的鱼类运输很常见。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Chile is one of the countries where the development of salmonid farming has been the most successful. The first importation of salmonids in Chile from the northern hemisphere dates back to the late 19th century and the country now ranks as the world second largest producer of farmed salmon. However, the fast increase of infections caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium psychrophilum is a growing concern for this local industry. This pathogen, also recognized as an important problem worldwide, has been first reported in Chile in 1993 and is currently affecting all three cultivated salmonid species: Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar), Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss). Here we conducted a MLST (multi-locus sequence typing) analysis of the local genetic diversity of F. psychrophilum to better understand its origin and propagation in the country, and to suggest practices that could contribute to its control in the future. A total of 94 bacterial isolates, collected from the main production zones, were analyzed and compared to those of other origins already available. The data reveal the country-wide distribution of several genotypes closely related to those that are the most prevalent in European and North American fish farms, and overlapping host fish species of the different lineages. This population structure is probably the direct consequence of local fish farming practices that relied until recently on massive import of fish eggs (e.g., 78 million of eggs in 2012) and where mixed-species farms and fish transportation across the country are common. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.