SIMULATION MODEL FOR ACTIVITY PLANNING (SMAP): GIS-BASED GAMING SIMULATION
SIMULATION MODEL FOR ACTIVITY PLANNING (SMAP): GIS-BASED GAMING SIMULATION
复制标题
活动规划 (SMAP) 仿真模型：基于 GIS 的游戏仿真
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Ohta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nobuaki Ohmori;Y. Muromachi;N. Harata;K. Ohta
了解复杂出行行为背后的出行者决策过程是评价城市交通政策效果的最重要问题。进入世纪，人类社会面临着信息和通信技术的发展、环境问题和老龄化社会等重大变化。在城市交通规划中为这些变化采取了各种政策选择。交通需求管理（TDM）措施和智能交通系统（ITS）技术是解决交通拥挤和环境破坏问题的有效途径。在老龄社会通用设计理念下，城市基础设施得到改善。决策者必须考虑哪些群体的个人和家庭会受到新措施的影响，因为每个人和家庭都有具体的特点和生活方式，并面临具体的环境。出行需求是从活动参与需求中派生出来的，基于活动的分析方法可以有效地评估出行者对各种条件变化的反应。第一个对活动和旅行行为的综合研究是20多年前牛津大学交通研究组（大津）的工作。家庭活动-旅行模拟器（HATS）方法，基本上是一种游戏模拟，在试图更好地了解家庭旅行决定和这些决定的限制条件方面得到了非常成功的使用。在HATS游戏板上，活动-旅行模式的空间分量在地图上表示，时间分量在时间轴上表示，使用家庭所有成员的活动日记数据。当一项政策措施出台后，家庭成员在博弈板上共同讨论，考虑到约束条件的变化，然后在博弈板上模拟新的活动-出行模式。游戏模拟方法特别关注人际关系和约束，比简单地提出假设性问题获得更真实的反应。除了大津的研究外，还有许多基于博弈模拟或交互式陈述反应调查方法的研究。本研究的目的主要是利用地理资讯系统的功能，加强游戏模拟的方法，并了解老年人的家庭活动，旅游模式的互动调查。开发了一个基于GIS的博弈仿真工具，该工具与生成备选活动出行模式的模型相连接，称为活动规划仿真模型（SMAP）。SMAP通过引入GIS的时空可视化技术，改进了以往的博弈模拟实践，并基于时空和人际约束计算出可行的活动模式。基于先进的时空棱镜思想，根据活动时间、持续时间和地点的固定性，将活动分为三类，生成可行的备选活动模式。
Understanding the decision making process of travelers underlying complex travel behavior is the most significant issue for evaluating the effect of urban transport policy. In 21st century, our society faces big changes such as evolution of information and communication technologies, environmental problems and an aging society. Various policy options for these changes have been taken in urban transport planning. Transportation Demand Management (TDM) measures and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technologies are very promising for solution to the problems of congestion and environmental damages. Urban infrastructure has been improved under the concept of universal design for the aged society. Decision makers have to consider what groups of individuals and households are affected by a new measure, since each individual and household has specific characteristics and lifestyle, and faces specific environment. Travel is a derived demand from the demand for activity participation and activity-based analysis has been effective to evaluate how travelers respond to the various changes in conditions. The first comprehensive study of activities and travel behavior is the work at Transport Studies Unit (TSU) at Oxford University more than 20 years ago. Household Activity-Travel Simulator (HATS) methodology, essentially a gaming simulation, was used very successfully in trying to better understand household travel decisions and the constraints within which those decisions are made. On the HATS game board, spatial components of activity-travel patterns are represented on the map, and temporal components are represented on the timelines, using activity diary data of all members of a household. When a policy measure is introduced, household members discuss together considering changes of constraints on the game board, and then new activity-travel patterns are simulated in this board. Gaming simulation approach is especially interested in inter-personal linkages and constraints, gaining more realistic responses than simply asking hypothetical questions. Other than TSU's study, there have been many works based on gaming simulation or interactive stated response survey methods. The objectives of this study are mainly to enhance gaming simulation methods using GIS capability and to understand the elderly household activity-travel patterns by interactive surveys. A GIS-based gaming simulation tool is developed linked to the model generating alternative activity-travel patterns, which is named Simulation Model for Activity Planning (SMAP). SMAP improves previous gaming simulation practices by introducing space-time visualization on GIS, and feasible activity patterns are calculated based on space-time and inter-personal constraints. Generation of feasible alternative activity patterns is based on the idea of advanced space-time prism classifying activities into three types according to fixity of timing, duration and location of activities.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
H. Miller
通讯作者：
H. Miller