Evaluating street view exposure measures of visible green space for health research
Evaluating street view exposure measures of visible green space for health research
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DOI：
10.1038/s41370-018-0017-1
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Hystad, Perry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Larkin, Andrew;Hystad, Perry
城市绿色空间或自然环境与多种身心健康结果相关。为实现这些益处（例如减轻压力和恢复注意力）提出的几种行动途径需要对绿色空间的视觉感知；然而，流行病学研究中常用的现有绿色空间暴露测量方法并不能捕获街道规模的暴露情况。我们从俄勒冈州波特兰下载了 254 张 Google 街景 (GSV) 全景图像，并计算了每张图像中的绿色百分比，称为绿色视图指数 (GVI)。对于这些地点，我们还计算了基于卫星的归一化植被指数 (NDVI)、树木覆盖百分比、绿地百分比、街道树木缓冲百分比、到公园的距离以及几个社区社会经济变量。 GVI 与其他绿色空间指标之间的相关性较低（-0.02 至 0.50），这表明基于 GSV 的指标捕获了有关绿色空间暴露的独特信息。我们进一步开发了 GVI：NDVI 比率，该比率与图像中垂直绿地的数量相关。 GVI 和 GVI:NDVI 比率与社区社会经济地位的相关性较弱，因此与其他绿地指标相比，在健康研究中不易受到混淆的影响。 GSV 措施捕捉了绿色空间环境的独特特征，并为流行病学研究中检查绿色空间和健康关联提供了一种新方法。
Urban green space, or natural environments, are associated with multiple physical and mental health outcomes. Several proposed pathways of action for these benefits (e.g., stress reduction and attention restoration) require visual perception of green space; however, existing green space exposure measures commonly used in epidemiological studies do not capture street-scale exposures. We downloaded 254 Google Street View (GSV) panorama images from Portland, Oregon and calculated percent of green in each image, called Green View Index (GVI). For these locations we also calculated satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), % tree cover, % green space, % street tree buffering, distance to parks, and several neighborhood socio-economic variables. Correlations between the GVI and other green space measures were low (-0.02 to 0.50), suggesting GSV-based measures captured unique information about green space exposures. We further developed a GVI: NDVI ratio, which was associated with the amount of vertical green space in an image. The GVI and GVI: NDVI ratio were weakly related to neighborhood socioeconomic status and are therefore less susceptible to confounding in health studies compared to other green space measures. GSV measures captured unique characteristics of the green space environment and offer a new approach to examine green space and health associations in epidemiological research.