Memantine lowers amyloid-beta peptide levels in neuronal cultures and in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Memantine lowers amyloid-beta peptide levels in neuronal cultures and in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
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DOI:
10.1002/jnr.22172
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发表时间:
2010-01
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Lahiri, Debomoy K.
Lahiri, Debomoy K.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alley, George M.;Bailey, Jason A.;Chen, DeMao;Ran, Balmiki;Puli, Lakshman K.;Tanila, Heikki;Banerjee, Pradeep K.;Lahiri, Debomoy K.

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美金刚是一种中等亲和力、非竞争性的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体拮抗剂,可稳定中度至重度阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的认知、功能和行为下降。在AD中,由于全长Aβ前体蛋白(APP)的异常加工,发生纤维形成淀粉样β肽(Aβ)的细胞外沉积。美金刚保护神经元免受Aβ的神经毒性作用,并改善具有高脑Aβ水平的转基因小鼠的认知能力。然而,目前尚不清楚美金刚胺如何保护细胞免受神经变性并影响APP加工和Aβ产生。我们报告了美金刚在三种不同系统中的作用。在人神经母细胞瘤细胞中,美金刚在治疗相关浓度(1-4 μM)下降低分泌的APP和Aβ1-40水平。在这些细胞中检测不到潜在的淀粉样蛋白Aβ1-42水平。在原代大鼠皮层神经元培养中,美金刚胺处理降低了Aβ1-42分泌。在使用的浓度下,美金刚处理对神经母细胞瘤或原代培养物没有毒性,并且在某些条件下增加细胞活力和/或代谢活性。在表现出高脑Aβ1-42水平的APP/早老素-1(PS1)转基因小鼠中,经口给予美金刚(20 mg/kg/天,持续8天)产生的血浆药物浓度为0.96 μM,并显著降低可溶性Aβ1-42的皮质水平。在给药小鼠中,Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42的比值增加,表明对γ-分泌酶复合物的影响。因此,美金刚在治疗浓度下降低Aβ肽的水平,并可能抑制哺乳动物脑中纤维形成Aβ的蓄积。美金刚能够保护神经元细胞免受神经变性,增加代谢活性和降低Aβ水平,这对神经变性疾病具有治疗意义。
Memantine is a moderate-affinity, uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that stabilizes cognitive, functional, and behavioral decline in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In AD, the extracellular deposition of fibrillogenic amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ) occurs due to aberrant processing of the full-length Aβ precursor protein (APP). Memantine protects neurons from the neurotoxic effects of Aβ and improves cognition in transgenic mice with high brain levels of Aβ. However, it is unknown how memantine protects cells against neurodegeneration and affects APP processing and Aβ production. We report the effects of memantine in three different systems. In human neuroblastoma cells, memantine, at therapeutically relevant concentrations (1-4 μM), decreased levels of secreted APP and Aβ1-40. Levels of the potentially amylodogenic Aβ1-42 were undetectable in these cells. In primary rat cortical neuronal cultures, memantine treatment lowered Aβ1-42 secretion. At the concentrations used, memantine treatment was not toxic to neuroblastoma or primary cultures and increased cell viability and/or metabolic activity under certain conditions. In APP/presenilin-1 (PS1) transgenic mice exhibiting high brain levels of Aβ1-42, oral dosing of memantine (20 mg/kg/day for 8 days) produced plasma drug concentration of 0.96 μM and significantly reduced the cortical levels of soluble Aβ1-42. The ratio of Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 increased in treated mice, suggesting effects on the γ-secretase complex. Thus, memantine reduces the levels of Aβ peptides at therapeutic concentrations and may inhibit the accumulation of fibrillogenic Aβ in mammalian brains. Memantine’s ability to preserve neuronal cells against neurodegeneration, increase metabolic activity, and lower Aβ level has therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disorders.
DOI: 10.1016/0925-4439(94)00079-6
发表时间: 1995-04-24
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DOI: 10.1016/0922-4106(91)90113-v
发表时间: 1991-04-25
期刊: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY-MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY SECTION
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DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.309
发表时间: 1997-01-01
影响因子: 2.5
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