The mechanisms of ejaculation.
The mechanisms of ejaculation.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4684-2892-6_7
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发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Marberger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Marberger
射精是一个复杂的过程，它发生在一系列与时间相关的阶段，与几个器官系统协调。尽管射精对人类，特别是对人类心理具有重要的生物学意义，但人们对其在人类中的作用机制知之甚少。目前的大多数知识都是基于对动物的调查。到目前为止，我们对男性射精的了解是基于对疾病患者的研究，在这些患者中，性功能障碍通常只是众多症状中的一个。对于射精的研究来说，人类是一种困难和难以接近的动物，这是可以理解的。长期以来，对性生活、性高潮等的研究一直是禁忌，因此几乎没有可供评估的研究。勃起是正常射精和精液在阴道穹隆沉积的必要条件(表I)。在勃起过程中，尿道会变成性器官，能够射出少量高度粘稠的精液。又宽又弯的管子变成了一条口径很小的直管。随着海绵体的充血，实现了双重功能。它形成了输精管，同时将近端形成一个压力垫，增加了会阴肌肉的收缩效果。参与精液运输的海绵体可能还有第三种功能：压迫充血的海绵体会导致血液波状流向龟头，从而对精液团产生蠕动效应。应该记住，海绵体是一个性器官，它的主要作用是射精。勃起完全依赖于阴茎海绵体的肿胀，我们从因恶性疾病切除海绵体后可以进行正常性交的患者那里了解到这一点(Marberger和Frick，1962)。伴随着
Ejaculation is a complex process which occurs in a series of chronologically dependent phases in coordination with several organ systems. In spite of the biological importance of ejaculation for mankind and especially for the human psyche, very little is known of its mechanisms in humans. Most present knowledge is based on investigation in animals. So far, our knowledge of ejaculation in man is based on study of diseased patients in whom sexual dysfunction is usually only one symptom among many. The human being is understandably a difficult and inaccessible animal for studies of ejaculation. Studies of sex life, orgasm, and the like have long been taboo, and so barely available for evaluation. Erection is a sine qua non for normal ejaculation and deposition of semen in the fornix of the vagina (Table I). During erection the urethra changes into a sex organ, capable of ejaculating small quantities of highly viscous semen. The wide and curved tube becomes a straight canal of very small caliber. With the congestion of the corpus spongiosum, a twofold function is fulfilled. It forms the semen-transporting tube and at the same time shapes the proximal end into a pressure cushion which increases the constricting effect of the perineal musculature. There may be a third function of the corpus spongiosum involved in transport of semen: the compression of the congested bulb causes a wavelike flow of blood toward the glans, thus producing a peristalsis-like effect on the seminal bolus. It should be borne in mind that the corpus spongiosum is a sex organ whose major role is in ejaculation. Erection is exclusively dependent on the swelling of the corpora cavernosa penis, as we learned from patients who could perform normal intercourse after the corpus spongiosum had been excised because of malignant disease (Marberger and Frick, 1962). Concomitant with