GENUINE MEMORY DEFICITS IN DEMENTIA
GENUINE MEMORY DEFICITS IN DEMENTIA
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DOI：
10.1080/87565648709540361
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发表时间：
1987-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
BUSCHKE, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GROBER, E;BUSCHKE, H
控制学习与有效的线索回忆是必要的，以区分真正的记忆缺陷，由于特定的记忆过程的损害和明显的记忆缺陷，由于其他认知过程，如注意力，可以限制记忆的损害。有效的线索回忆需要准确测量老年人的记忆，因为线索回忆揭示了自由回忆所不显示的学习。当一个搜索程序被用来控制有效编码和线索回忆的处理，非痴呆老年人回忆起所有或几乎所有的16个项目在每个试验。痴呆症患者即使在进行了同样有效的处理之后，回忆力也会下降，这表明他们确实存在记忆障碍，而不是由于其他认知缺陷。提示回忆在区分老年痴呆症患者和非痴呆症患者方面优于自由回忆或识别，其本身占痴呆症状态变化的75%。线索回忆对于识别自由回忆无法识别的轻度至中度痴呆患者特别有用。有人提出，在控制学习后对16项列表的线索回忆减少的老年人具有真正的记忆障碍，因此很可能患有痴呆症，因为其他原因的遗忘综合征在老年人中相对罕见。控制学习与有效的线索回忆应该是有用的筛选老年人痴呆症。
Controlled learning with effective cued recall is needed to distinguish between genuine memory deficits due to impairment of specific memory processes and apparent memory deficits due to impairment of other cognitive processes, such as attention, that can limit memory. Effective cued recall is needed for accurate measurement of memory in the elderly because cued recall reveals learning not shown by free recall. When a search procedure was used to control processing for effective encoding and cued recall, nondemented elderly adults recalled all or nearly all 16 items on each trial. Decreased recall by demented patients even after they carried out the same effective processing showed genuine memory impairment that was not due to other cognitive deficits. Cued recall was better than either free recall or recognition in discriminating elderly persons with dementia from those without dementia and by itself accounted for 75 % of the variation in dementia status. Cued recall was especially useful for identifying patients with mild to moderate dementia who were not identified by free recall. It is proposed that elderly persons who have decreased cued recall of a 16‐item list after controlled learning have genuine memory impairment and therefore are likely to be demented because other causes of amnestic syndromes are relatively infrequent in the aged. Controlled learning with effective cued recall should be useful for screening of elderly persons for dementia.