Death spiral, transmission charges, and prosumers in the electricity market
Death spiral, transmission charges, and prosumers in the electricity market
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120488
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发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Yihsu Chen;Makoto Tanaka;Ryuta Takashima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yihsu Chen;Makoto Tanaka;Ryuta Takashima
拥有分布式可再生能源的产消者的存在被视为增强电力行业弹性的有效方式。现行的输电费主要是为了收回输电投资和其他日常费用。因此，由于越来越多的消费者成为产消者，对大宗电力市场的依赖程度下降，输电成本就转移到传统消费者身上，这种情况被称为“死亡螺旋”。本研究探讨产消者的存在如何影响输电费用和市场结果，明确考虑他们在市场上的优化问题。产消者被制定为价格接受者或战略实体，并被假定为对消费量、生产的可调度能源以及向大宗能源市场出售或从大宗能源市场购买的能源做出自己的决定，受不可调度的可再生能源产量的影响。我们反驳了普遍的信念，证明了传输费用不一定随着市场中的生产消费者的比例而增加。由于产消者边际成本低的可再生能源生产，大宗电力市场可受益于较低的电力价格。战略性生产消费者可能会导致输电费用增加，因为他们减少了从大宗能源市场的采购。因此，我们的分析有助于最近的辩论传输成本在生产消费者的存在。
The presence of prosumers with distributed renewable energy has been viewed as an effective way of enhancing the power sector’s resilience. The current transmission charge is designed mainly to recover lumpy transmission investments and other routine costs. Thus, a decline in the reliance on the bulk power market owing to an increase in consumers becoming prosumers shifts transmission costs to traditional consumers, a situation known as a “death spiral”. This study examines how the presence of prosumers affects the transmission charge and market outcomes by explicitly considering their optimization problem in the market. A prosumer is formulated either as a price-taker or as a strategic entity, and is assumed to make his/her own decision on the amounts of consumption, dispatchable energy to produce, and energy to sell into or buy from the bulk energy market, subject to non-dispatchable renewable output. We refute the common belief, demonstrating that the transmission charge does not necessarily increase with the proportion of prosumers in the market. The bulk power market could benefit from lower power prices owing to the prosumers’ renewable production with low marginal costs. Strategic prosumers may cause the transmission charge to increase because they reduce their procurement from the bulk energy market. Therefore, our analysis contributes to the recent debate on transmission costs in the presence of prosumers.