Transcranial Focused Ultrasound for Noninvasive Neuromodulation of the Visual Cortex.
Transcranial Focused Ultrasound for Noninvasive Neuromodulation of the Visual Cortex.
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DOI：
10.1109/tuffc.2020.3005670
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu G;Qian X;Castillo J;Li R;Jiang L;Lu H;Kirk Shung K;Humayun MS;Thomas BB;Zhou Q
目前，失明无法治愈，严重影响患者的生活质量。超声神经调节是一种很有前途的无创皮质视觉修复技术。我们研究了经颅聚焦超声（tFUS）非侵入性刺激视觉皮层以发展改良视觉假体的可行性。用tFUS成功地唤起了正常和视网膜退行性失明大鼠视觉皮质（VC）的神经活动。我们的研究结果表明，失明大鼠对超声刺激的反应比正常大鼠更强。（p<0.001，双样本t检验）。三个实验组采用三种不同类型的超声波形。使用不同的美国波时，观察到不同类型的皮层活动。在所有大鼠中，当连续超声波刺激时，在“US开与关”时间点只观察到短时间的反应。相比之下，脉冲波引起的低频反应时间更长。对脉冲波的不同参数进行测试表明，要获得低频响应，脉冲重复频率必须高于100Hz。根据观察到的皮层活动，我们推测声辐射力（ARF）是超声神经调节的主要物理机制。
Currently, blindness cannot be cured and patients’ living quality can be compromised severely. Ultrasonic neuromodulation is a promising technology for the development of non-invasive cortical visual prosthesis. We investigated the feasibility of transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) for non-invasive stimulation of the visual cortex to develop improved visual prosthesis. tFUS was used to successfully evoke neural activities in the visual cortex (VC) of both normal and retinal degenerate (RD) blind rats. Our results showed that blind rats showed more robust responses to ultrasound stimulation compared to normal rats. (p<0.001, two-sample t-test). Three different types of ultrasound waveforms were used in the three experimental groups. Different types of cortical activities were observed when different US waveforms were used. In all rats, when stimulated with continuous ultrasound waves, only short-duration responses were observed at ‘US on & off’ time points. In comparison, pulsed waves evoked longer low-frequency responses. Testing different parameters of pulsed waves showed that a pulse repetition frequency higher than 100Hz is required to obtain the low-frequency responses. Based on the observed cortical activities, we inferred that acoustic radiation force (ARF) is the predominant physical mechanism of ultrasound neuromodulation.