Interventions to Reduce Back Pain in Rehabilitation Hospital Nursing Staff
Interventions to Reduce Back Pain in Rehabilitation Hospital Nursing Staff
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减少康复医院护理人员背痛的干预措施
DOI：
10.1002/j.2048-7940.2006.tb00377.x
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Robinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Menzel;Scarlett Lilley;M. Robinson
护理人员（注册护士[RNs]、执业护士[lpn]和护理助理[As]）是所有职业中工伤率最高的职业之一(Leighton & Reilly, 1995； US。美国劳工部，2005)。这些损伤大多是肌肉骨骼，特别是背部拉伤和扭伤（Harber etal ., 1985; Knibbe & Friehle, 1996）。在包括医院和养老院在内的行业分类中，“教育和卫生服务”的非致命性职业拉伤和扭伤发生率（每10,000名工人80人）是第三高的，仅次于“建筑”（91.2人）和“贸易、运输和公用事业”（81.7人）。美国劳工部，2005)。在美国，NAs在所有职业中因非致命性肌肉骨骼疾病导致的休假天数排名第二，仅次于劳工（美国劳工部）。除了背部损伤的高发病率外，直接患者护理人员中背痛的患病率高于许多其他职业群体（Menzel, 2004）。背部受伤对护理人员的个人影响包括长时间的残疾，影响工作和家庭生活，导致计划外缺勤造成收入损失，以及潜在的职业和赚钱能力损失（Helminger, 1997）。对雇主造成的后果包括，为受伤工人支付医疗费用和损失时间的工人赔偿保险费用高昂。
Background and Significance of the Problem Nursing personnel (registered nurses [RNs], licensed practical nurses [LPNs], and nursing aides “As]) have one of the highest job-related injury rates of any occupation (Leighton & Reilly, 1995; US. Department of Labor, 2005). The majority of these injuries are musculoskeletal, particularly back strains and sprains (Harber et al., 1985; Knibbe & Friehle, 1996). In the industrial classification that includes hospitals and nursing homes, “Education and health services,” the incidence rate of nonfatal occupational strains and sprains (80 per 10,000 workers) was the third highest, after ”Construction” (91.2) and “Trade, transportation and utiLities”(81.7) (US. Department of Labor, 2005). In the United States, NAs are ranked second after laborers among all occupations for the number of nonfatal musculoskeletal disorders resulting in days away from work (U.S. Department of Labor). In addition to the high incidence of back injuries, the prevalence of back pain among direct patient care staff is higher than many other occupational groups (Menzel, 2004). Personal consequences of back injuries to nursing personnel include prolonged periods of disability that affect both work and home life and lead to loss of income from unscheduled absences and the potential loss of career and earning capacity (Helminger, 1997). Consequences to employers include the high cost of workers‘ compensation insurance to pay for medical care for injured workers and lost time.