Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN)
Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN)
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全球公共卫生情报网络（GPHIN）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael Blench
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Mawudeku;Michael Blench
有关全球公共卫生问题的准确及时的信息是能够快速评估和应对世界各地新出现的健康风险的关键。加拿大公共卫生局开发了全球公共卫生情报网络（GPHIN）。 GPHIN 的信息会提供给世界卫生组织、国际政府和非政府组织，以便他们能够对公共卫生事件做出快速反应。 GPHIN 是一个基于互联网的安全“预警”系统，每周 7 天、每天 24 小时“实时”收集具有公共卫生意义的初步报告。这个独特的多语言系统通过监控新闻专线和网站等全球媒体来源来收集和传播有关疾病爆发和其他公共卫生事件的相关信息。这种监控以八种语言完成，并使用机器翻译将非英语文章翻译成英语，将英语文章翻译成其他语言。通过自动化流程过滤信息的相关性，然后通过人工分析进行补充。输出被分类并可供用户访问。有关可能产生严重公共卫生后果的公共卫生事件的通知会立即转发给用户。 GPHIN 在选择机器翻译“引擎”时采用“同类最佳”方法。这一理念确保机器翻译的质量对于所选的任何语言对都是最佳的。它还带来了一些独特的集成和操作问题。 GPHIN 的范围很广。它跟踪疾病爆发、传染病、受污染的食物和水、生物恐怖主义和化学品接触、自然灾害以及与产品、药品和医疗设备安全相关的问题等事件。 GPHIN 由加拿大卫生部应急准备和响应中心 (CEPR) 管理，该中心成立于 2000 年 7 月，作为加拿大公共卫生安全的中央协调点。它被认为是公民紧急情况领域的专业知识中心，包括自然灾害和对健康造成影响的恶意行为。 CEPR 为各市、省和地区以及参与急救和公共卫生安全的其他合作伙伴提供许多实际支持。这是通过其公共卫生、紧急卫生服务和紧急社会服务联系网络实现的。
Accurate and timely information on global public health issues is key to being able to quickly assess and respond to emerging health risks around the world. The Public Health Agency of Canada has developed the Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN). Information from GPHIN is provided to the WHO, international governments and non-governmental organizations who can then quickly react to public health incidents. GPHIN is a secure Internet-based “early warning” system that gathers preliminary reports of public health significance on a “real-time” basis, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This unique multilingual system gathers and disseminates relevant information on disease outbreaks and other public health events by monitoring global media sources such as news wires and web sites. This monitoring is done in eight languages with machine translation being used to translate non-English articles into English and English articles into the other languages. The information is filtered for relevancy by an automated process which is then complemented by human analysis. The output is categorized and made accessible to users. Notifications about public health events that may have serious public health consequences are immediately forwarded to users. GPHIN employs a “best-of-breed” approach when it comes to the selection of the machine translation ‘engines’. This philosophy ensures that the quality of the machine translation is the best available for whatever language pair selected. It also imposes some unique integration and operational problems. GPHIN has a broad scope. It tracks events such as disease outbreaks, infectious diseases, contaminated food and water, bio-terrorism and exposure to chemicals, natural disasters, and issues related to the safety of products, drugs and medical devices. GPHIN is managed by Health Canada’s Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response (CEPR), which was created in July 2000 to serve as Canada’s central coordinating point for public health security. It is considered a centre of expertise in the area of civic emergencies including natural disasters and malicious acts with health repercussions. CEPR offers a number of practical supports to municipalities, provinces and territories, and other partners involved in first response and public health security. This is achieved through its network of public health, emergency health services, and emergency social services contacts.