Development of biological soil crusts in initial ecosystems in Lusatia, Germany
Development of biological soil crusts in initial ecosystems in Lusatia, Germany
复制标题
德国卢萨蒂亚初始生态系统中生物土壤结皮的发展
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Hüttl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Roland Spröte;M. Veste;T. Fischer;Philipp Lange;O. Bens;T. Raab;R. Hüttl
在生态系统发展初期，植被覆盖稀少，但灌丛之间的空间并不裸露，往往被蓝藻、绿藻、苔藓和地衣组成的表土生物结皮所覆盖。这些加密游戏是最初生态系统的第一个殖民者。土壤表层结皮通过改变土壤的物理化学条件，影响生态系统的各种过程，对进一步的植被格局和生态系统的发展起着重要作用。
我们研究了位于德国勃兰登堡附近前露天褐煤矿区的初始人工集水区Neuer Lugteich第四纪基质上生物土壤结皮的发育情况。通过测定土壤中的叶绿素、Corg、pH值来划分不同的土壤结皮类型。其中一些氪游戏会分泌胞外多糖，结合形成表层土壤结皮基质的无机细粒颗粒。由于地质基质中缺乏有机质，绿藻和蓝藻等光自养生物对初始生态系统表土1 mm土层的有机质积累具有重要作用。生物结皮降低了土壤入渗速率，影响了水文条件。
During initial ecosystem development vegetation cover is sparse, but the space between shrubs is not bare and is often covered by a topsoil biological crust composed by cyanobacteria, green algae, mosses and lichens. These cryptogames are the first colonizer of initial ecosystems. The development of soil surface crusts plays a major role for the further vegetation pattern and ecosystem development through changes to the physico-chemical conditions and influencing various ecosystem processes.
We studied the development of biological soil crusts on quaternary substrate of the initial artificial water catchment ´Neuer Lugteich´ located in the former open-cast lignite mining area near Welzow (Brandenburg, Germany). Chlorophyll, Corg, pH were determined to classified various soil crusts types. Some of these Kryptogames excrete exopolysaccharides that bind the inorganic fine-grained particles that form the matrix of the topsoil crust. Due to lack of organic matter in the geological substrate, photoautotrophic organisms like green algae and cyanobacteria are important for soil organic matter accumulation in first millimetre of topsoil of initial ecosystems. The biological soil crusts decrease infiltration rates and influence the hydrological conditions.