Caregiving centenarians: Cross-national comparison in Caregiver-Burden between the United States and Japan
Caregiving centenarians: Cross-national comparison in Caregiver-Burden between the United States and Japan
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DOI：
10.1080/13607863.2018.1544221
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发表时间：
2020-05-03
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hirose, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho, J.;Nakagawa, T.;Hirose, N.
背景和目的：与照顾家庭成员相关的个人痛苦已经有了很好的记录；然而，关于百岁老人的照料负担和照料背景下的跨国差异的问题仍然没有得到回答。研究设计和方法：这项研究包括美国和日本538名近百岁老人和百岁老人的照顾者的报告：其中234人来自佐治亚州百岁老人研究，304人来自东京百岁老人研究。进行了基本的描述性和多元回归分析。比较了美国和日本的照顾者负担的平均水平以及近百岁和百岁老人的特征(作为预测因素)。近百岁老人和百岁老人的功能能力和个性被评估为预测因素。结果：两组在照顾者负担方面有不同的预测模式。在美国，近百岁老人和百岁老人的宜人性和责任心与照顾者负担呈负相关；而近百岁和百岁老人的神经质和疾病数量与照顾者负担呈正相关。在日本，近百岁和百岁老人的日常生活能力、开放性和宜人性与照看负担呈负相关。功能能力和个性之间的交互作用对照顾者负担的影响只在美国观察到。在美国，更高水平的宜人性和开放性显著改变了与视力问题和更多疾病相关的照顾者负担水平。讨论和影响：两国照料负担的跨国比较预测者强调，照顾百岁老人应该放在照料和社会背景下理解。
Background and Objectives: The personal distress associated with caring for a family member has been well documented; however, questions about the burden of caregiving for centenarians and cross-national differences in the caregiving context, remain unanswered. Research Design and Methods: This study includes reports by caregivers of 538 near-centenarians and centenarians in the U.S. and Japan: 234 from the Georgia Centenarian Study and 304 from the Tokyo Centenarian Study. Basic descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. Mean levels of caregiver burden and near-centenarian and centenarians' characteristics (as predictors) for caregiver burden were compared between the U.S. and Japan. The near-centenarian and centenarians' functional capacity and personality were assessed as predictors. Results: Differential predictive patterns in caregiver burden were found in the two groups. In the U.S., near-centenarian and centenarians' agreeableness and conscientiousness were negatively associated with caregiver burden; whereas the near-centenarian and centenarians' neuroticism and number of diseases were positively associated with caregiver burden. In Japan, the near-centenarian and centenarians' activities of daily living, openness, and agreeableness were negatively associated with caregiving burden. Interaction effects between functional capacity and personality, on caregiver burden were observed only in the U.S. In the U.S., higher levels of agreeableness and openness significantly changed the level of caregiver burden associated with vision problems and a greater number of diseases. Discussion and Implications: Cross-national comparative predictors of caregiving burden between the two countries emphasized that caring for centenarians should be understood in the caregiving context, as well as the social context.