A brief historical overview of the fatigue of railway axles
A brief historical overview of the fatigue of railway axles
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DOI：
10.1243/0954409043125932
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发表时间：
2004-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Smith;S. Hillmansen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Smith;S. Hillmansen
通过对几起值得注意的断轴事故的讨论，回顾了铁路车轴抗疲劳设计的历史。最早的事故促使人们对疲劳进行研究，从而产生了现象学的理解。在过去的50年里，主要通过针对航空工业的研究，疲劳已被认为是一个涉及裂纹萌生和扩展的过程。断裂力学现在被用来帮助裂缝检查间隔的时间，但仍有少数故障发生。本文最后对起源于世纪的现代设计方法进行了简短的讨论。当前的一些压力，特别是在高速下减少簧下质量的需求，继续挑战车轴设计师。
Abstract The history of railway axle design against fatigue is reviewed through a discussion of several notable accidents caused by broken axles. The earliest accidents prompted research into fatigue which resulted in a phenomenological understanding. In the last 50 years, largely through research directed towards the aircraft industry, fatigue has been recognized to be a process involving crack initiation and propagation. Fracture mechanics is now used to assist in the timing of crack inspection intervals, but a small number of failures still occur. The paper concludes with a short discussion of modern design methods, which have their origin in the nineteenth century. Some current pressures, particularly the need to reduce unsprung mass at high speeds, continue to challenge axle designers.