Brain connectivity and behavioral changes in a spaceflight analog environment with elevated CO2
Brain connectivity and behavioral changes in a spaceflight analog environment with elevated CO2
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117450
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发表时间：
2021-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Seidler, Rachael D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGregor, Heather R.;Lee, Jessica K.;Seidler, Rachael D.
宇航员在国际空间站上暴露在微重力和高二氧化碳水平下。关于微重力和升高的二氧化碳联合收割机如何在航天飞行期间和之后影响大脑和感觉运动性能，人们知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了与航天模拟环境相关的静息状态功能连接（FC）和感觉运动行为的变化。参与者接受了30天严格的6度头低位卧床休息，环境CO2升高（HDBR+CO2）。在卧床休息前13天和7天、卧床休息第7天和29天以及卧床休息后0、5、12和13天收集静息状态功能磁共振成像和感觉运动评估。我们评估了从HDBR+CO2之前、期间到之后的FC变化的时间过程。然后，我们将观察到的连接变化与在标准环境空气中进行HDBR的HDBR对照组进行了比较。此外，我们评估了HDBR +CO2 FC后变化与感觉运动表现改变之间的相关性。HDBR+CO2与前庭，视觉，体感和运动脑区之间的功能连接的显着变化。这些感觉和运动区域中的几个显示出HDBR +CO2 FC后的变化，这些变化与感觉运动性能的改变显著相关。我们建议，这些FC的变化反映了与适应HDBR+CO2微重力模拟环境相关的多感官重加权。这一知识将进一步改善HDBR作为微重力暴露模型，并有助于我们了解航天期间和之后的大脑和性能变化。
Astronauts are exposed to microgravity and elevated CO2 levels onboard the International Space Station. Little is known about how microgravity and elevated CO2 combine to affect the brain and sensorimotor performance during and after spaceflight. Here we examined changes in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and sensorimotor behavior associated with a spaceflight analog environment. Participants underwent 30 days of strict 6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest with elevated ambient CO2 (HDBR+CO2). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and sensorimotor assessments were collected 13 and 7 days prior to bed rest, on days 7 and 29 of bed rest, and 0, 5, 12, and 13 days following bed rest. We assessed the time course of FC changes from before, during, to after HDBR+CO2. We then compared the observed connectivity changes with those of a HDBR control group that underwent HDBR in standard ambient air. Moreover, we assessed associations between post-HDBR+CO2 FC changes and alterations in sensorimotor performance. HDBR+CO2 was associated with significant changes in functional connectivity between vestibular, visual, somatosensory and motor brain areas. Several of these sensory and motor regions showed post-HDBR+CO2 FC changes that were significantly associated with alterations in sensorimotor performance. We propose that these FC changes reflect multisensory reweighting associated with adaptation to the HDBR+CO2 microgravity analog environment. This knowledge will further improve HDBR as a model of microgravity exposure and contribute to our knowledge of brain and performance changes during and after spaceflight.