Livelihood after Relocation—Evidences of Guchchagram Project in Bangladesh
Livelihood after Relocation—Evidences of Guchchagram Project in Bangladesh
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搬迁后的生计——孟加拉国Guchchagram项目的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Z. Sultana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bishawjit Mallick;Z. Sultana
由于气候变化及其对岛屿和沿海国家的影响，生活在这些脆弱地区的人们的重新安置受到了政策制定者和学术界的广泛关注。自1971年孟加拉国独立以来，该国也有类似的项目，那些因河岸侵蚀、飓风或洪水而失去土地或受害的人，在一个名为“Guchchagram”的综合项目下被重新安置，即集群村庄。由于项目的财政性质，不同的执政党使用了不同的名称，但它们都没有明显不同于重新安置定居点和改善无地和极端事件受害者的总体目标和目的。特别地，本研究探讨搬迁户的生计如何改变、改变到何种程度，以及搬迁安置的潜力与限制。基于对Gopalganj Sadar Upazila四个Guchchagrams的实证研究，该研究表明，移民人口的生计条件有了显着改善，但区位劣势和获得农业生产，当地就业市场以及项目的一些目标尚未实现。在某种程度上，康复家庭的风险与以前相似；然而，可用的农业用地和合理的分配可以减少这种生计风险。
Due to climate change and its consequences to islands and coastal countries, the relocation of the people living in those vulnerable places has received a lot of attention from policy makers as well as academicians. There have been similar kinds of programs running in Bangladesh since the country’s independence in 1971, and people who are landless or victimized due to river bank erosion, cyclones, or floods have been relocated under the umbrella program called ‘Guchchagram’, i.e., cluster villages. Different ruling parties had used different names for the project due to the financial nature of the project, but none of them have significantly differed from the overall goals and objectives of relocated settlements and the betterment of the landless and extreme event victims. Particularly, this study asks how and to what extent the livelihood of relocated households has changed, and what the potentials and constraints of the relocated settlements are. Based on an empirical study at four Guchchagrams of Gopalganj Sadar Upazila, the study shows that there is a significant improvement in the livelihood conditions of the migrated people, but the locational disadvantages and access to agricultural production, the local employment market, and some of the targeted objectives of the project have not achieved. To some extent, the rehabilitated families have similar risks as they had before; however, available agricultural lands and proper allocation can reduce such livelihood risks.